An ethical dilemma is a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two courses of action, either of which entails transgressing a moral principle.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)dilemma
💡 Explicación
'Ethical dilemma' is the standard term for a complex moral choice.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)dilemma
A)solutionIncorrect. A dilemma is a problem, not a solution.
B)certaintyIncorrect. Dilemmas involve uncertainty and conflict.
C)dilemmaCorrect. An ethical dilemma is a choice between two moral imperatives.
D)agreementIncorrect. Dilemmas usually involve internal or external disagreement.
💡 Explicación
'Ethical dilemma' is the standard term for a complex moral choice.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta 2 · D4Bloom: Understand
Discussing moral philosophy.
Utilitarianism is a theory that suggests actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)suggests
💡 Explicación
The present simple 'suggests' is used to define the core tenet of a philosophical theory.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)suggests
A)suggestsCorrect. Present simple for a general definition of a theory.
B)suggestIncorrect. Subject-verb agreement ('theory' is singular).
C)suggestingIncorrect. Gerund.
D)suggestedIncorrect. Past tense.
💡 Explicación
The present simple 'suggests' is used to define the core tenet of a philosophical theory.
Pregunta 3
Pregunta 3 · D4Bloom: Apply
Hypothetical moral choice.
If you found a wallet full of money on the street, what would you do?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)would you do
💡 Explicación
The second conditional 'if + past simple, would + verb' is used to ask about an imaginary situation.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)would you do
A)do you doIncorrect. First conditional.
B)will you doIncorrect. Inconsistent with 'found'.
C)have you doneIncorrect. Present perfect.
D)would you doCorrect. Second conditional for a hypothetical scenario.
💡 Explicación
The second conditional 'if + past simple, would + verb' is used to ask about an imaginary situation.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta 4 · D4Bloom: Analyze
Article about whistleblowing.
A whistleblower is a person who informs on a person or organization regarded as engaging in an unlawful or unethical activity.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)whistleblower
💡 Explicación
'Whistleblower' is the correct term for an individual who reveals unethical behavior within an organization.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)whistleblower
A)accompliceIncorrect. An accomplice helps in the wrongdoing.
B)whistleblowerCorrect. This is the specific term for someone who exposes wrongdoing.
C)bystanderIncorrect. A bystander watches but doesn't act.
D)benefactorIncorrect. A benefactor provides financial help.
💡 Explicación
'Whistleblower' is the correct term for an individual who reveals unethical behavior within an organization.
Pregunta 5
Pregunta 5 · D6Bloom: Evaluate
Discussion on corporate ethics.
The text implies that prioritizing profit over safety is inherently unethical and can lead to long-term reputational damage.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)unethical
💡 Explicación
'Unethical' is the appropriate adjective for actions that violate moral principles.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)unethical
A)unethicalCorrect. Not conforming to high moral standards.
B)beneficialIncorrect. It might be profitable but is not 'beneficial' in an ethical context.
C)legalIncorrect. While it might be legal in some cases, the focus is on the moral 'ethics'.
D)mandatoryIncorrect. It is never mandatory to be unethical.
💡 Explicación
'Unethical' is the appropriate adjective for actions that violate moral principles.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta 6 · D6Bloom: Remember
Legal vs. Moral.
Just because an action is legal does not necessarily mean it is moral.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)legal
💡 Explicación
The distinction between 'legal' (following the law) and 'moral' (doing what is right) is a key concept in ethics.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)legal
A)illegalIncorrect. If it's illegal, it's usually considered wrong anyway.
B)publicIncorrect. Public doesn't contrast with moral here.
C)expensiveIncorrect. Price is unrelated to morality.
D)legalCorrect. The text contrasts law with morality.
💡 Explicación
The distinction between 'legal' (following the law) and 'moral' (doing what is right) is a key concept in ethics.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta 7 · D6Bloom: Understand
Discussing a past ethical failure.
The company should have disclosed the risks to the public much sooner.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)should have disclosed
💡 Explicación
'Should have disclosed' expresses a past obligation that was not met.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)should have disclosed
A)should discloseIncorrect. This refers to the present or future.
B)must discloseIncorrect. Obligation in the present.
C)could discloseIncorrect. Possibility in the present.
D)should have disclosedCorrect. 'Should have + past participle' for past criticism or regret.
💡 Explicación
'Should have disclosed' expresses a past obligation that was not met.
Pregunta 8
Pregunta 8 · D6Bloom: Apply
Text on "conflict of interest".
A conflict of interest occurs when an individual's personal interests interfere with their professional duties.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)conflict
💡 Explicación
'Conflict of interest' is the specific term for the ethical situation described.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)conflict
A)resolutionIncorrect. A resolution solves a conflict.
B)alignmentIncorrect. Alignment is the opposite of conflict.
C)benefitIncorrect. While there may be a personal benefit, the situation is a conflict.
D)conflictCorrect. A conflict of interest is the formal term.
💡 Explicación
'Conflict of interest' is the specific term for the ethical situation described.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta 9 · D6Bloom: Analyze
Describing an ongoing ethical debate.
The ethics of genetic engineering are being debated by scientists and philosophers alike.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)are being debated
💡 Explicación
The present continuous passive 'are being debated' describes the current, ongoing nature of the ethical discussion.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)are being debated
A)are debating'Are debating' is active, so the subject would have to be the debaters, but the sentence makes the ethics the thing debated.
B)have debated'Have debated' is an active present perfect that would mean the scientists and philosophers already finished their debate.
C)are being debatedCorrect. Present continuous passive for an ongoing discussion.
D)debateIncorrect. Present simple.
💡 Explicación
The present continuous passive 'are being debated' describes the current, ongoing nature of the ethical discussion.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta 10 · D6Bloom: Evaluate
Critique of "consequentialism".
Consequentialism is the class of normative ethical theories holding that the consequences of one's conduct are the ultimate basis for any judgment about the rightness or wrongness of that conduct.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)consequences
💡 Explicación
'Consequences' are the primary focus of consequentialist ethical frameworks.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)consequences
A)intentionIncorrect. Consequentialism focuses on results, not intentions.
B)traditionIncorrect. Focuses on results.
C)consequencesCorrect. The name of the theory itself gives the answer.
D)legalityIncorrect. Focuses on moral results.
💡 Explicación
'Consequences' are the primary focus of consequentialist ethical frameworks.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta 11 · D8Bloom: Remember
Integrity in the workplace.
Integrity is the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles; moral uprightness.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)Integrity
💡 Explicación
'Integrity' is a core virtue in both personal and professional ethics.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)Integrity
A)GreedIncorrect. Greed is a vice.
B)IntegrityCorrect. Integrity is a fundamental ethical value.
C)AmbiguityAmbiguity is the quality of being open to several interpretations, which is the opposite of the clear moral firmness this definition describes.
D)DeceptionIncorrect. Being dishonest.
💡 Explicación
'Integrity' is a core virtue in both personal and professional ethics.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta 12 · D8Bloom: Understand
Describing a difficult decision.
Choosing between two equally important values can be agonizing.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)agonizing
💡 Explicación
The adjective 'agonizing' is used to describe a situation that causes great mental pain or difficulty.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)agonizing
A)agonizeIncorrect. Verb form.
B)agonizingCorrect. Adjective describing the effect of the choice.
C)agonyAgony is the noun naming the suffering itself, but the blank after 'can be' needs the adjective that describes the choice.
D)agonizedIncorrect. Adjective describing a person's state.
💡 Explicación
The adjective 'agonizing' is used to describe a situation that causes great mental pain or difficulty.
Pregunta 13
Pregunta 13 · D8Bloom: Apply
Discussing social justice.
Equality of opportunity is the idea that everyone should have a fair chance to succeed, regardless of their background.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)opportunity
💡 Explicación
'Equality of opportunity' is a central concept in modern ethical and political debate.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)opportunity
A)opportunityCorrect. This is the specific ethical/social concept.
B)wealthIncorrect. Focuses on money.
C)outcomesIncorrect. Equality of outcomes is a different, more controversial concept.
D)intelligenceIncorrect. Not the standard phrase.
💡 Explicación
'Equality of opportunity' is a central concept in modern ethical and political debate.
Pregunta 14
Pregunta 14 · D8Bloom: Analyze
Conditional about personal values.
If I didn't value honesty so much, I would have lied to protect myself.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)didn't value
💡 Explicación
The mixed conditional (if + past simple, would + have + past participle) connects a permanent present state or value with a past hypothetical action.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)didn't value
A)hadn't valuedIncorrect. This would be a third conditional (past state).
B)didn't valueCorrect. Mixed conditional (present state 'value', past result 'would have lied').
C)don't valueIncorrect. Present simple.
D)wouldn't valueIncorrect. 'Would' not in 'if' clause.
💡 Explicación
The mixed conditional (if + past simple, would + have + past participle) connects a permanent present state or value with a past hypothetical action.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta 15 · D8Bloom: Evaluate
Conclusion of an essay on ethics.
The author concludes that we must cultivate our moral compass through reflection and experience.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)moral compass
💡 Explicación
'Moral compass' is a common metaphorical term for a person's internal sense of ethical guidance.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)moral compass
A)moral compassCorrect. Metaphor for one's inner sense of right and wrong.
B)budgetIncorrect. Financial plan.
C)reputationIncorrect. How others see you.
D)careerIncorrect. Professional life.
💡 Explicación
'Moral compass' is a common metaphorical term for a person's internal sense of ethical guidance.
Pregunta 16
Pregunta 16 · D8Bloom: Remember
Definition of empathy.
Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)Empathy
💡 Explicación
'Empathy' is a key emotional skill required for ethical reasoning and social connection.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)Empathy
A)EmpathyCorrect. Fundamental for ethical behavior.
B)ApathyIncorrect. Lack of interest.
C)AntipathyIncorrect. Deep-seated feeling of dislike.
D)SimplicityIncorrect. Being simple.
💡 Explicación
'Empathy' is a key emotional skill required for ethical reasoning and social connection.
Pregunta 17
Pregunta 17 · D10Bloom: Understand
Expressing a moral obligation.
We ought to treat others with the same respect that we expect for ourselves.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)ought to
💡 Explicación
'Ought to' is a modal verb used to express a moral duty or recommendation.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)ought to
A)must toIncorrect. 'Must' doesn't take 'to'.
B)would toIncorrect. 'Would' doesn't take 'to'.
C)can toIncorrect. 'Can' doesn't take 'to'.
D)ought toCorrect. 'Ought to' expresses moral obligation.
💡 Explicación
'Ought to' is a modal verb used to express a moral duty or recommendation.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta 18 · D10Bloom: Apply
Text about human rights.
Fundamental human rights are inalienable, meaning they cannot be taken away from any person.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)inalienable
💡 Explicación
'Inalienable' is the formal term used in human rights documents to describe the permanent nature of fundamental rights.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)inalienable
A)flexibleIncorrect. Rights should not be flexible in this way.
B)optionalIncorrect. Rights are not optional.
C)temporaryIncorrect. Rights should be permanent.
D)inalienableCorrect. Inalienable means unable to be taken away or given away by the possessor.
💡 Explicación
'Inalienable' is the formal term used in human rights documents to describe the permanent nature of fundamental rights.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta 19 · D10Bloom: Analyze
Reporting a philosophical statement.
The philosopher argued that the ends did not always justify the means.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)did not
💡 Explicación
In reported speech, we backshift tenses: 'The ends do not justify...' becomes '...argued that the ends did not justify...'.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)did not
A)don'tIncorrect. Backshifted in reported speech.
B)have notIncorrect. Present perfect.
C)did notCorrect. Backshifted from 'do not' to 'did not'.
D)will notIncorrect. Future.
💡 Explicación
In reported speech, we backshift tenses: 'The ends do not justify...' becomes '...argued that the ends did not justify...'.
Pregunta 20
Pregunta 20 · D10Bloom: Evaluate
Final thought on responsibility.
Accountability is an assurance that an individual or organization will be evaluated on their performance or behavior.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)Accountability
💡 Explicación
'Accountability' is a central ethical concept involving responsibility and the expectation of evaluation.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)Accountability
A)AnonymityIncorrect. Being unknown.
B)ImpunityIncorrect. Exemption from punishment or loss.
C)AccountabilityCorrect. Accountability is the obligation of an individual or organization to account for its activities.
D)IndifferenceIncorrect. Lack of interest.
💡 Explicación
'Accountability' is a central ethical concept involving responsibility and the expectation of evaluation.
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