Pregunta 1
Pregunta 1 · D4Bloom: RememberGeneral scientific terminology.
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D) hypothesis
💡 Explicación
'Hypothesis' is the fundamental term for a tentative explanation in the scientific method.
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Respuesta correcta: D) hypothesis
- A) conclusionIncorrect. A conclusion is reached at the end.
- B) factIncorrect. A fact is something known to be true.
- C) theoremIncorrect. A theorem is a proven statement in mathematics.
- D) hypothesisCorrect. A hypothesis is an initial, testable explanation.
💡 Explicación
'Hypothesis' is the fundamental term for a tentative explanation in the scientific method.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta 2 · D4Bloom: UnderstandDiscussing the process of discovery.
Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928, marking a new era in medicine.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B) was discovered
💡 Explicación
The past simple passive 'was discovered' is used because the focus is on the discovery itself and the date is specified.
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Respuesta correcta: B) was discovered
- A) discoveredIncorrect. Needs 'was' for the passive voice.
- B) was discoveredCorrect. Past simple passive for a completed historical event.
- C) has been discoveredIncorrect. Present perfect is less appropriate for a specific past date.
- D) discoversIncorrect. Present tense.
💡 Explicación
The past simple passive 'was discovered' is used because the focus is on the discovery itself and the date is specified.
Pregunta 3
Pregunta 3 · D4Bloom: ApplyConditional about scientific funding.
If the project had received more funding, the researchers would have completed the study sooner.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C) had received
💡 Explicación
The third conditional (if + past perfect) describes a past situation that did not happen.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C) had received
- A) receivedIncorrect. Second conditional.
- B) has receivedIncorrect. Present perfect.
- C) had receivedCorrect. Third conditional for hypothetical past condition.
- D) would receiveIncorrect. 'Would' not used in 'if' clause.
💡 Explicación
The third conditional (if + past perfect) describes a past situation that did not happen.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta 4 · D4Bloom: AnalyzeArticle about the CRISPR technology.
Gene editing allows scientists to modify an organism's DNA with unprecedented precision.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C) precision
💡 Explicación
'Precision' is the defining characteristic of modern gene-editing tools like CRISPR.
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Respuesta correcta: C) precision
- A) confusionIncorrect. Science aims for the opposite of confusion.
- B) neglectIncorrect. Neglect is lack of care.
- C) precisionCorrect. Precision means the quality of being exact and accurate.
- D) isolationIncorrect. Precision is the key feature of CRISPR mentioned in the text.
💡 Explicación
'Precision' is the defining characteristic of modern gene-editing tools like CRISPR.
Pregunta 5
Pregunta 5 · D6Bloom: EvaluateDiscussion on the ethics of AI.
The rapid development of artificial intelligence raises fundamental questions about what it means to be human.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C) raises
💡 Explicación
'Raises' is the standard verb for introducing or bringing attention to an important topic or question.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C) raises
- A) answersIncorrect. It's causing people to ask new questions.
- B) ignoresIncorrect. The text focuses on the questions being asked.
- C) raisesCorrect. To 'raise a question' means to bring it up for discussion.
- D) avoidsIncorrect. The development forces us to confront these questions.
💡 Explicación
'Raises' is the standard verb for introducing or bringing attention to an important topic or question.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta 6 · D6Bloom: RememberLaboratory safety.
It is mandatory to wear protective goggles while performing chemical experiments.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C) mandatory
💡 Explicación
'Mandatory' is the formal term for actions that are required by safety protocols.
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Respuesta correcta: C) mandatory
- A) optionalIncorrect. Goggles are required for safety.
- B) creativeIncorrect. Safety is a rule, not a creative choice.
- C) mandatoryCorrect. Mandatory means required by law or rules.
- D) incidentalIncorrect. Incidental means happening by chance.
💡 Explicación
'Mandatory' is the formal term for actions that are required by safety protocols.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta 7 · D6Bloom: UnderstandDescribing an ongoing scientific trend.
Scientists have been investigating the effects of microplastics on marine life for several years.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B) have been investigating
💡 Explicación
The present perfect continuous is used for actions that began in the past and are still in progress.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B) have been investigating
- A) investigateIncorrect. Present simple.
- B) have been investigatingCorrect. Present perfect continuous for an action that started in the past and continues.
- C) investigatedIncorrect. Past simple; implies they stopped.
- D) will investigateIncorrect. Future tense.
💡 Explicación
The present perfect continuous is used for actions that began in the past and are still in progress.
Pregunta 8
Pregunta 8 · D6Bloom: ApplyText on space exploration.
The Mars rover is equipped with sensors to detect signs of water and past life on the Red Planet.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D) detect
💡 Explicación
'Detect' is the scientific term for finding or sensing something that is not immediately visible.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D) detect
- A) concealIncorrect. To conceal means to hide.
- B) fabricateIncorrect. To fabricate means to invent or fake.
- C) destroyIncorrect. The rover is there to find, not destroy.
- D) detectCorrect. To detect means to discover or identify the presence of something.
💡 Explicación
'Detect' is the scientific term for finding or sensing something that is not immediately visible.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta 9 · D6Bloom: AnalyzeTalking about an experiment that didn't work as expected.
The experiment would have been more successful if the temperature had remained constant.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C) would have been
💡 Explicación
The third conditional 'would have been' describes a past outcome that would have changed if conditions were different.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C) would have been
- A) would beIncorrect. Second conditional.
- B) will beIncorrect. Future tense.
- C) would have beenCorrect. Third conditional for hypothetical past result.
- D) wasIncorrect. Past tense.
💡 Explicación
The third conditional 'would have been' describes a past outcome that would have changed if conditions were different.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta 10 · D6Bloom: EvaluateCritique of "pseudoscience".
Pseudoscience consists of statements that claim to be both scientific and factual but are incompatible with the scientific method.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A) incompatible
💡 Explicación
'Incompatible' correctly describes the lack of consistency between pseudoscience and rigorous scientific methodology.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A) incompatible
- A) incompatibleCorrect. Incompatible means not able to work together or be consistent.
- B) alignedIncorrect. Align means consistent with.
- C) identicalIncorrect. They are very different.
- D) superiorIncorrect. Pseudoscience is considered inferior to real science.
💡 Explicación
'Incompatible' correctly describes the lack of consistency between pseudoscience and rigorous scientific methodology.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta 11 · D8Bloom: RememberBasic data analysis.
Empirical evidence is information received by means of the senses, particularly by observation and documentation of patterns.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A) Empirical
💡 Explicación
'Empirical' is the term for evidence that comes from direct experience or experimentation.
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Respuesta correcta: A) Empirical
- A) EmpiricalCorrect. Empirical evidence is based on direct observation or experience.
- B) TheoreticalIncorrect. Theoretical is based on ideas, not direct observation.
- C) AnecdotalIncorrect. Anecdotal is based on individual stories, not systematic observation.
- D) HypotheticalIncorrect. Based on hypotheses.
💡 Explicación
'Empirical' is the term for evidence that comes from direct experience or experimentation.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta 12 · D8Bloom: UnderstandDescribing a new discovery.
A new species of orchid has been discovered in the depths of the Andes.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D) has been discovered
💡 Explicación
The present perfect passive 'has been discovered' links a past event (the discovery) with the present fact of its existence.
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Respuesta correcta: D) has been discovered
- A) has discovered'Has discovered' is active and would make the orchids the discoverers; nothing in the sentence does that.
- B) discovered'Discovered' alone has no auxiliary to form a tense.
- C) is discovering'Is discovering' is active and present continuous, which would need a subject doing the finding.
- D) has been discoveredThe present perfect passive marks a recent, still-relevant discovery, and 'a new species' is what was discovered.
💡 Explicación
The present perfect passive 'has been discovered' links a past event (the discovery) with the present fact of its existence.
Pregunta 13
Pregunta 13 · D8Bloom: ApplyDiscussing scientific ethics.
The clinical trial was halted because the researchers found the risks to be disproportionate to the potential benefits.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A) disproportionate
💡 Explicación
'Disproportionate' is used when one side of a comparison (risks) is much larger than the other (benefits).
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A) disproportionate
- A) disproportionateCorrect. Disproportionate means too large or too small in comparison with something else.
- B) equalIncorrect. If they were equal, the trial might continue.
- C) minimalIncorrect. If risks were minimal, they wouldn't halt the trial.
- D) invisibleIncorrect. Risks are identified, not invisible.
💡 Explicación
'Disproportionate' is used when one side of a comparison (risks) is much larger than the other (benefits).
Pregunta 14
Pregunta 14 · D8Bloom: AnalyzeConditional about vaccine development.
If scientists hadn't collaborated globally, the vaccine wouldn't have been developed so quickly.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D) wouldn't have been developed
💡 Explicación
The third conditional passive indicates that a past achievement resulted from a specific past condition.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D) wouldn't have been developed
- A) wouldn't developIncorrect. Second conditional.
- B) won't be developedIncorrect. Future.
- C) isn't developedIncorrect. Present.
- D) wouldn't have been developedCorrect. Third conditional passive for hypothetical past result.
💡 Explicación
The third conditional passive indicates that a past achievement resulted from a specific past condition.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta 15 · D8Bloom: EvaluateConclusion of an article on space telescopes.
The author concludes that the new telescope will revolutionize our understanding of the early universe.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D) revolutionize
💡 Explicación
'Revolutionize' is the appropriate verb for a development that significantly changes a field of study.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D) revolutionize
- A) confirmIncorrect. It will do more than just confirm; it will change our view.
- B) limitIncorrect. It will expand our knowledge, not limit it.
- C) ignoreIncorrect. Telescopes help us see, not ignore.
- D) revolutionizeCorrect. To revolutionize means to change something fundamentally or completely.
💡 Explicación
'Revolutionize' is the appropriate verb for a development that significantly changes a field of study.
Pregunta 16
Pregunta 16 · D8Bloom: RememberDescribing a medical breakthrough.
A vaccine is a substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D) vaccine
💡 Explicación
'Vaccine' is the term for the biological preparation that provides immunity.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D) vaccine
- A) poisonIncorrect. Poison causes harm.
- B) placeboIncorrect. A placebo has no active effect.
- C) virusIncorrect. A virus is the cause of disease, not the treatment (though vaccines can be made from them).
- D) vaccineCorrect. This is the biological function of a vaccine.
💡 Explicación
'Vaccine' is the term for the biological preparation that provides immunity.
Pregunta 17
Pregunta 17 · D10Bloom: UnderstandReporting a scientific finding.
The study showed that the new drug was more effective than the previous treatment.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D) was
💡 Explicación
In reported findings, it is standard to backshift the tense to the past.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D) was
- A) isIncorrect. Backshifted in reported speech.
- B) has beenIncorrect. Present perfect.
- C) will beIncorrect. Future.
- D) wasCorrect. Backshifted from 'is' to 'was'.
💡 Explicación
In reported findings, it is standard to backshift the tense to the past.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta 18 · D10Bloom: ApplyText about "peer review".
Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people of similar competence to the producers of the work.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D) Peer review
💡 Explicación
'Peer review' is the professional evaluation process used in the scientific community.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D) Peer review
- A) GossipGossip is informal talk about other people, not a formal evaluation procedure.
- B) CensorshipCensorship means restricting what may be published, the opposite of evaluating the work.
- C) PromotionPromotion means advertising or pushing a product, and nothing is being sold here.
- D) Peer reviewPeer review is the evaluation of research by others of comparable expertise, which is exactly the definition given.
💡 Explicación
'Peer review' is the professional evaluation process used in the scientific community.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta 19 · D10Bloom: AnalyzeExpressing interest in a scientific field.
By next month, I will have been studying marine biology for three years.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D) will have been studying
💡 Explicación
The future perfect continuous describes the length of an action at a certain time in the future.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D) will have been studying
- A) will studyIncorrect. Simple future.
- B) have been studyingIncorrect. Present perfect continuous.
- C) studyIncorrect. Present simple.
- D) will have been studyingCorrect. Future perfect continuous for duration up to a future point.
💡 Explicación
The future perfect continuous describes the length of an action at a certain time in the future.
Pregunta 20
Pregunta 20 · D10Bloom: EvaluateFinal thought on the future of science.
The future of science depends on our ability to foster curiosity and maintain the highest ethical standards.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A) curiosity
💡 Explicación
'Curiosity' is the primary human drive that fuels scientific exploration and discovery.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A) curiosity
- A) curiosityCorrect. Curiosity is the desire to learn or know something, fundamental to science.
- B) apathyIncorrect. Apathy means lack of interest.
- C) greedIncorrect. Greed is bad for ethics.
- D) ignoranceIncorrect. Science aims to eliminate ignorance.
💡 Explicación
'Curiosity' is the primary human drive that fuels scientific exploration and discovery.