🇨🇴 ICFES SaberSemana 28 · 12 preguntas

Education Systems

Bundle W28 de Inglés para Grado 10 en Colombia (DBA MEN Colombia): 12 preguntas con explicación pedagógica.

Alineación: DBA MEN Colombia

CO-ING-10-2026-W28-education-systems-001-MASTERY-bundle

Pregunta 1

Bloom: Understand

Discussing traditional teaching methods.

"Never ____ the students ____ so much autonomy in choosing their own research projects."

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Respuesta correcta: D) have / had

  • A) did / had'Did' does not invert with 'never' and 'had' cannot follow 'the students' in this structure.
  • B) have / haveThe second blank needs the past participle 'had'; 'have' would leave the verb unfinished.
  • C) had / did'Had' cannot open the inversion and 'did' would be left without a base verb.
  • D) have / hadA negative fronted phrase ('Never') triggers inversion: the auxiliary 'have' precedes the subject, and 'had' is the past participle of 'have'.

💡 Explicación

When a sentence begins with a negative adverbial like 'Never', the auxiliary verb comes before the subject (Inversion).

Pregunta 2

Bloom: Apply

Restricting an action to a specific condition.

"Only in this school ____ students ____ allowed to use tablets during the exams."

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Respuesta correcta: D) are

  • A) do'Do' would need a base verb after it, and the sentence describes a state, not an action.
  • B) have'Have' would need a past participle, but the blank is followed by the subject directly.
  • C) will'Will' would predict a future situation, while the sentence describes an existing restriction.
  • D) areA fronted 'Only' phrase triggers subject-auxiliary inversion, giving 'are students allowed'.

💡 Explicación

'Only in/at...' phrases at the beginning of a sentence trigger inversion of the verb 'to be' or the auxiliary.

Pregunta 3

Bloom: Remember

Describing a rare educational achievement.

"Rarely ____ a teacher ____ such a profound impact on their students' lives."

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Respuesta correcta: A) does / have

  • A) does / haveA fronted 'Rarely' triggers inversion: 'does' precedes the subject and the main verb reverts to the base form 'have'.
  • B) does / has'Does' must be followed by the base form 'have', so 'has' is wrong after it.
  • C) has / have'Has' would leave no room for the base verb that inversion requires.
  • D) did / has'Did' would need a past form, and 'has' would be ungrammatical after it.

💡 Explicación

Using 'Rarely' at the start of a sentence requires 'do/does/did' inversion for present or past simple verbs.

Pregunta 4

Bloom: Analyze

An article about educational reform.

"Not until the new law was passed ____ the local authorities ____ enough funding for rural schools."

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Respuesta correcta: D) did / receive

  • A) did / received'Received' after 'did' would have to be the base form 'receive', and 'did' is the wrong auxiliary for a past perfect.
  • B) had / receivedA past perfect is possible here but 'had received' still leaves the clause uninverted.
  • C) has / received'Has received' is present perfect, which cannot follow the fronted 'Not until' with inversion.
  • D) did / receive'Not until' triggers inversion with 'did', and the main verb returns to the base form 'receive'.

💡 Explicación

'Not until' at the beginning of a sentence triggers inversion in the main clause.

Pregunta 5

Bloom: Understand

Discussing a student's lack of awareness.

"Little ____ the students ____ that the curriculum was about to change completely."

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Respuesta correcta: D) did they know

  • A) they knew'they knew' leaves the clause in normal order, but a fronted 'Little' requires inversion.
  • B) they did know'they did know' is emphatic but it is not the inversion a fronted negative requires.
  • C) had they known'had they known' is the past perfect, which would place the unawareness in the past.
  • D) did they knowWith a fronted 'Little' the subject 'they' follows the auxiliary 'did'.

💡 Explicación

'Little' is used as a negative adverbial at the beginning of a sentence to mean 'not at all' or 'not much', triggering inversion.

Pregunta 6

Bloom: Apply

Describing two simultaneous events.

"No sooner ____ the bells ____ than the students rushed out of the classrooms."

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Respuesta correcta: A) had / rung

  • A) had / rungThe 'No sooner... than' structure puts the event in the past perfect before 'than'.
  • B) did / rang'Did / rang' would need the base form after 'did', and it loses the completion implied by 'no sooner'.
  • C) have / rung'Have rung' is the present perfect, which cannot precede 'than' in this completed-sequence structure.
  • D) were / ringing'Were ringing' is progressive and does not express the completed action before 'than'.

💡 Explicación

'No sooner... than' is used to show that one action happened immediately after another. It requires Past Perfect inversion.

Pregunta 7

Bloom: Analyze

Restricting a solution to a specific condition.

"Only by working together ____ the community ____ to build the new library."

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Respuesta correcta: D) did / manage

  • A) could / managed'Could' after 'Only by' would need the base form, and 'managed' is not that base form.
  • B) they / managed'they managed' leaves the clause in normal order, but a fronted 'Only by' requires inversion.
  • C) had / manage'Had' would require a past participle, and 'manage' is not a participle.
  • D) did / manageA fronted 'Only by' phrase triggers inversion: 'did the community manage', with the base verb after the subject.

💡 Explicación

'Only by' + gerund at the start of a sentence triggers inversion in the main clause.

Pregunta 8

Bloom: Analyze

An essay on academic integrity.

"Under no circumstances ____ students ____ to share their passwords with anyone."

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Respuesta correcta: D) should / be allowed

  • A) are / -'Are / -' lacks the modal the sentence needs, and a bare hyphen cannot fill the second blank.
  • B) they should / be'they should' leaves the clause uninverted, which a fronted negative requires.
  • C) must / -'Must / -' is incomplete: the second blank needs the passive 'be allowed'.
  • D) should / be allowed'Under no circumstances' is a negative fronted phrase, so the modal 'should' precedes the subject and 'be allowed' follows.

💡 Explicación

'Under no circumstances' is a strong negative adverbial phrase that requires inversion, often used with modals like 'should' or 'must'.

Pregunta 9

Bloom: Evaluate

Comparing two different educational models.

"Not only ____ the new system improve grades, but it ____ increases student engagement."

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Respuesta correcta: B) does / also

  • A) is / also'Is / also' cannot work with 'improve' as the second verb of the correlative structure.
  • B) does / alsoIn the 'Not only... but also' correlative, inversion puts 'does' before the subject and the base verb 'improve' after it.
  • C) has / also'Has' would need a past participle, and 'improve' is not one.
  • D) did / also'Did' would need a past form, but the sentence is in the present simple.

💡 Explicación

Using 'Not only' at the beginning of a sentence requires inversion in the first clause.

Pregunta 10

Bloom: Analyze

A sophisticated observation on institutional change.

"Hardly ____ the new principal ____ when she began implementing radical changes."

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Respuesta correcta: A) had / arrived

  • A) had / arrived'Had / arrived' places the arrival in the past perfect before 'when', which is what the structure requires.
  • B) did / arrive'Did arrive' is emphatic but does not mark the event as already completed at the moment 'when' arrives.
  • C) was / arriving'Was arriving' is progressive and does not fit the completed event implied by 'when'.
  • D) has / arrived'Has arrived' is present perfect, which cannot precede 'when' in this structure.

💡 Explicación

'Hardly/Scarcely... when' are used similarly to 'No sooner' and require Past Perfect inversion.

Pregunta 11

Bloom: Evaluate

Critique of an outdated education policy.

"Seldom ____ such a complex issue ____ addressed with such a simplistic solution."

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Respuesta correcta: B) has / been

  • A) is / being'Is / being' is not the passive needed here, and 'being' requires a following participle.
  • B) has / beenA fronted 'Seldom' triggers inversion, so 'has' precedes the subject and the passive 'been addressed' follows.
  • C) was / be'Was / be' is ungrammatical for the same reason.
  • D) did / be'Did / be' is ungrammatical: 'be' cannot follow 'did' as a passive.

💡 Explicación

Combining 'Seldom' with the passive voice and Present Perfect to emphasize the rarity of an event.

Pregunta 12

Bloom: Evaluate

A complex theoretical conclusion.

"Only if we redefine the purpose of school ____ we ____ hope to prepare students for the 21st century."

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Respuesta correcta: C) can / -

  • A) we / can'we / can' leaves the clause in normal order, but a fronted conditional requires inversion.
  • B) will / be'will / be' would predict a future state, while the sentence describes a condition in the present.
  • C) can / -A fronted 'Only if' clause triggers inversion, giving 'can we'.
  • D) did / -'Did' would require a past form and would leave no room for the infinitive 'hope'.

💡 Explicación

Mastery level: Correctly applying inversion in the main clause after a complex 'Only if' conditional clause.

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