Entertainment Industry

Respuesta correcta: D) Hearing

• A) Hear'Hear' is the base form and cannot open a reduced adverbial clause on its own.
• B) Heard'Heard' is a past participle and would suggest a passive meaning that the sentence does not have.
• C) To hear'To hear' expresses purpose, but the clause here states the cause of the fans rushing to buy tickets.
• D) Hearing'Hearing' is the present participle, giving the temporal meaning 'after they heard'.

Respuesta correcta: D) Inspired

• A) Inspiring'Inspiring' would make the film the thing doing the inspiring, which contradicts the passive reading.
• B) Inspire'Inspire' is the base form and cannot stand as a reduced clause before the subject.
• C) Having inspired'Having inspired' is active and perfect, which would mean the film inspired something itself.
• D) Inspired'Inspired' is a past participle giving the passive reason 'because it was inspired'.

Respuesta correcta: D) Having spent

• A) Spent'Spent' is a past participle used passively, but nobody spent the actor's hours.
• B) Spending'Spending' keeps the action simultaneous with the confidence, whereas the sequence is already complete.
• C) To spend'To spend' expresses purpose, but the clause states the cause of the confidence.
• D) Having spent'Having spent' is the perfect participle: the practice was finished before the audition.

Respuesta correcta: B) offering

• A) offered'Offered' is a past participle and would make the recommendations the thing receiving the offer.
• B) offering'Offering' is the present participle giving the non-restrictive relative meaning 'which offer'.
• C) having offered'Having offered' would mean the offering was completed and stopped before the change in habits.
• D) to offer'To offer' is an infinitive and cannot modify the subject before the comma.

Respuesta correcta: A) Surrounded

• A) Surrounded'Surrounded' is a past participle giving the passive state of being enclosed by mountains.
• B) Surrounding'Surrounding' is active and would make the mountains the ones doing the surrounding.
• C) Having surrounded'Having surrounded' is active, but the mountains are not doing the surrounding here.
• D) Being surround'Being surround' is not a valid form; the participle would be 'being surrounded'.

Respuesta correcta: C) Realizing

• A) Noted'Noted' is a past participle and would make the producers the ones being noted.
• B) To realize'To realize' is an infinitive and cannot modify the subject before the comma.
• C) Realizing'Realizing' is the present participle giving the reason for the decision.
• D) Having realized'Having realized' stresses completion of the realising, which is more than the sentence claims.

Respuesta correcta: C) known

• A) knowing'Knowing' is active and would make the director the one who knows his techniques.
• B) has known'Has known' is a tense form and cannot serve as a reduced relative clause here.
• C) known'Known' is a past participle giving the reduced relative 'who is known for'.
• D) to be known'To be known' is an infinitive and would need a subject of its own.

Respuesta correcta: D) Having been discovered

• A) Discovered'Discovered' is a past participle and would suggest the singer did the discovering.
• B) Discovering'Discovering' is active and would make the singer the one discovering.
• C) To be discovered'To be discovered' is an infinitive and cannot open this reduced clause.
• D) Having been discovered'Having been discovered' is the perfect passive participle: she had already been discovered when fame came.

Respuesta correcta: C) Seeing

• A) Seen'Seen' alone has no auxiliary to complete the participle.
• B) By seeing'By seeing' usually expresses method, but the clause states a reason.
• C) Seeing'Seeing' is the present participle giving the reason: 'since they see the risk'.
• D) Having seen'Having seen' would place the perception in the past, while the risk is a current one.

Respuesta correcta: D) Stored

• A) Storing'Storing' is active and would make the reels the ones doing the storing.
• B) Having stored'Having stored' is active perfect, which would mean the reels stored something.
• C) To store'To store' is an infinitive and cannot modify the subject before the comma.
• D) Stored'Stored' is a past participle giving the passive reason 'because they are stored'.

Respuesta correcta: D) Having been rewritten

• A) Writing'Writing' is active and would make the script the thing doing the writing.
• B) Written'Written' would work as a passive participle, but 'having been rewritten' states that the rewriting was completed first.
• C) To be rewritten'To be rewritten' is an infinitive and cannot open this reduced clause.
• D) Having been rewritten'Having been rewritten' is the perfect passive participle: the rewrites were finished before the script was ready.

Respuesta correcta: C) Viewed / examined

• A) Viewing / examining'Viewing' is active, but the effects are the ones being looked at, not the viewers.
• B) To view / to examine'To view' is an infinitive and cannot modify the subject before the comma.
• C) Viewed / examinedBoth halves need a past participle: the effects 'viewed' and 'examined' give the passive of each perspective.
• D) Having viewed / having examined'Having viewed' is active and would make the effects the ones doing the viewing.