Comprehensive Review 3

Respuesta correcta: B) exacerbate

• A) alleviateIncorrect. 'Alleviate' means to make something less severe, which is the opposite of what's needed.
• B) exacerbateCorrect. 'Exacerbate' means to make a problem or bad situation worse, which fits perfectly here.
• C) mitigateIncorrect. 'Mitigate' means to make something less severe, which doesn't fit the negative consequence implied.
• D) facilitateIncorrect. 'Facilitate' means to make an action or process easy or easier, which is not appropriate for a social divide.

Respuesta correcta: A) distort

• A) distort'Distort' means to twist out of true shape, and the sentence describes a paraphrase whose omissions change the meaning without lying.
• B) detour'Detour' means to travel along an alternative route, and the clause is about the deformation of meaning rather than a change of path.
• C) divert'Divert' means to cause something to go elsewhere, and the sentence concerns how a summary reads rather than where traffic or money goes.
• D) deter'Deter' means to discourage by threat, and the option would claim that the summary discourages a reader, which is not what the clause states.

Respuesta correcta: A) constant

• A) constant'Constant' means unchanging, and the sentence asks for standards that do not move, which is exactly the requirement the clause states.
• B) considerate'Considerate' means showing care for others, and the option would describe the reviewer's manner rather than the stability of the criteria.
• C) contingent'Contingent' means dependent on something else, and the sentence rules out dependence on how a proposal happens to read.
• D) conservative'Conservative' means cautious or traditional, and the clause is about the criteria staying fixed rather than about their being cautious.

Respuesta correcta: C) Trustworthy.

• A) Temporary.Temporary describes something that lasts a limited time, not something whose information can be trusted.
• B) Entertaining.Entertaining describes something enjoyable; a source can be enjoyable without providing dependable information.
• C) Trustworthy.Trustworthy means deserving confidence, which matches the meaning of reliable when describing sources.
• D) Expensive.Expensive refers to cost, which does not establish whether a source is dependable.

Respuesta correcta: D) Farmers carried flowers down to the city to sell them.

• A) As a sports competition between villages.Incorrect. The text never mentions a competition; the arrangements are carried in a parade.
• B) As a celebration of the end of the school year.Incorrect. Schools are not mentioned; the festival is described as taking place in August.
• C) As a parade organised by the city government.Incorrect. The parade is today's event, but the text says the tradition started with farmers' work.
• D) Farmers carried flowers down to the city to sell them.Correct. The text says 'The tradition began when farmers carried flowers down the mountain... to sell them in the city'.

Respuesta correcta: D) grow and live successfully.

• A) disappear slowly.Incorrect. This is the opposite; the text explains why so many species are found in Cali.
• B) migrate to other countries.Incorrect. The text talks about birds living in Cali's habitats, not leaving for other countries.
• C) be hunted by people.Incorrect. Hunting is never mentioned, and the context is positive.
• D) grow and live successfully.Correct. Many different habitats explain why more than 500 species do well in Cali, which is the meaning of 'thrive'.

Respuesta correcta: A) Borrow the two novels and consult the dictionary inside the library.

• A) Borrow the two novels and consult the dictionary inside the library.Two novels are within the borrowing limit, and using the reference dictionary inside respects the restriction on that category.
• B) Borrow all three because the total does not exceed the limit.The three-book limit does not cancel the separate rule requiring reference dictionaries to remain in the library.
• C) Borrow only the dictionary because reference books have priority.The notice prohibits borrowing reference dictionaries and says nothing about giving them priority.
• D) Leave all three because students cannot borrow more than one book.The notice allows up to three books, so borrowing two novels is permitted.

Respuesta correcta: A) It depends on the effort of many ordinary citizens, not only professional artists.

• A) It depends on the effort of many ordinary citizens, not only professional artists.Correct. Families make costumes, and many dancers are teachers, taxi drivers or students who rehearse after work.
• B) It lasts for several months.Incorrect. The carnival itself lasts four days; it is the preparation that takes months.
• C) It is organised only by professional dancers.Incorrect. The text says many dancers 'are not professionals'.
• D) It began in 2003.Incorrect. 2003 is the year of UNESCO's recognition, not the year the carnival started.

Respuesta correcta: D) To inform visitors about free entry days and the rules they must follow.

• A) To announce that the museum will close permanently.Incorrect. The notice invites people to visit and describes regular free days, so the museum is not closing.
• B) To explain the history of the museum's collection.Incorrect. The notice says nothing about the collection's history.
• C) To advertise guided tours in English only.Incorrect. The tours are one detail at the end; most of the notice is about the free days and the rules.
• D) To inform visitors about free entry days and the rules they must follow.Correct. The notice explains when entry is free and lists rules about capacity, bags and photography.

Respuesta correcta: A) would have submitted

• A) would have submittedWould have followed by a past participle expresses the unreal past result of the condition had checked.
• B) will submitWill submit refers to a future action, whereas the sentence describes an unreal alternative to a past event.
• C) would submitWould submit lacks the perfect form needed to describe the unreal past result in this third conditional.
• D) had submittedHad submitted is past perfect, but this result clause needs would have submitted to express the hypothetical consequence.

Respuesta correcta: B) had

• A) hasIncorrect. The sentence refers to a past sequence, requiring the past perfect in inversion.
• B) hadCorrect. 'Hardly had...' is a classic C1 inversion structure used for sequential events.
• C) wasIncorrect. 'Was' does not fit the past perfect structure required by 'Hardly'.
• D) didIncorrect. 'Did' would require the base form of the verb, not the past participle 'been'.

Respuesta correcta: A) did

• A) did'Not until the scheme was published did the candidates see'. The auxiliary is fronted to invert the clause, which is the defining feature of the structure.
• B) had'Not until' inverts the main clause, placing the auxiliary before the subject 'the candidates'. 'Had the candidates seen' would leave the subject first, which the pattern forbids.
• C) was'Was' would suggest a passive or a singular subject. The subject is plural but the verb is active, so a passive reading is not available.
• D) do'Do' is present tense and cannot invert a past sequence in which the scheme had already been published.

Respuesta correcta: B) Students prefer the room despite its smaller size, and quietness explains their preference.

• A) Students prefer the room because its smaller size necessarily makes it quieter.The sentence identifies quietness as the reason for preference but does not claim that the smaller size causes it.
• B) Students prefer the room despite its smaller size, and quietness explains their preference.Although introduces the concession about size, while because introduces quietness as the reason students prefer the room.
• C) Students avoid the room because its quietness is a disadvantage.The text says students prefer the room and presents quietness as an advantage, not a disadvantage.
• D) Students prefer the room only when the larger room is closed.The sentence does not mention another room being closed or make that a condition for the preference.

Respuesta correcta: C) does

• A) do'Do' agrees with plural subjects, and 'a review' is singular, so the base form with 'does' is required.
• B) have'Have' would give the perfect aspect, but the bare inversion with 'rarely' and a singular subject takes 'does' before the base form.
• C) does'Rarely does a review arrive'. With a singular subject the inversion uses 'does', and the main verb reverts to the base form 'arrive'.
• D) are'Are' cannot invert with a singular subject and would require a plural or a collection for agreement.

Respuesta correcta: B) The statement identifies the students who completed the test as the group that received feedback.

• A) Every student completed the test and received feedback.The defining clause selects a group of students; it does not establish that every student completed the test.
• B) The statement identifies the students who completed the test as the group that received feedback.The defining relative clause who completed the practice test restricts which students the statement is about.
• C) Receiving feedback caused the students to complete the test.The sentence identifies recipients by test completion and does not state that feedback caused that completion.
• D) The students received feedback before completing the test.The sentence contains no claim that feedback preceded completion; the relative clause describes the students who had completed the test.

Respuesta correcta: A) did

• A) did'Only after the panel had reconciled the figures did the report make any claim'. The auxiliary is fronted ahead of the subject while the main verb returns to its base form.
• B) had'Only after' frontes a subordinate clause and then inverts the main clause, so the auxiliary has to precede the subject 'the report'.
• C) were'Were' would be needed for a passive main clause, but 'the report make any claim' is active and the subject is singular.
• D) could'Could' is a modal and would not invert this past sequence; the tense auxiliary of the clause has to be the one that is fronted.

Respuesta correcta: C) The current strategy is directed towards the wrong objective.

• A) They are literally looking for something in the trees of Cartagena.Incorrect. This reads the idiom literally; nobody in the debate is searching real trees, because the expression is figurative and describes a mistaken line of action.
• B) The approach is too noisy and aggressive.Incorrect. 'Barking' here does not describe a loud or aggressive tone; the idiom is about choosing the wrong objective, not about how people speak.
• C) The current strategy is directed towards the wrong objective.Correct. 'Bark up the wrong tree' means aiming your effort at the wrong cause or target, so the speaker is saying the current plan on comprehensive review 3 points in the wrong direction.
• D) A new environmental project involving trees should be started.Incorrect. The word 'tree' belongs to a fixed expression, so the speaker is not proposing a project with trees; the speaker is criticising the approach under discussion.

Respuesta correcta: B) The app may have helped, but changes in study time or test difficulty could also explain the higher average.

• A) The conclusion is certain because any earlier event causes a later improvement.An event occurring before an improvement establishes sequence, not proof that it caused the improvement.
• B) The app may have helped, but changes in study time or test difficulty could also explain the higher average.Alternative explanations weaken the claim of definite causation; the observed sequence alone cannot isolate the app's effect.
• C) The conclusion is impossible because digital tools cannot support learning.The evidence does not justify ruling out an app's contribution; it only fails to prove that the app caused the improvement.
• D) The conclusion is proven as long as one student enjoyed using the app.One student's enjoyment measures a personal reaction, not whether the app caused the class average to rise.

Respuesta correcta: D) It almost never gets cold.

• A) It gets cold every time there is a full moon.Incorrect. This reads 'blue moon' literally; the idiom describes frequency, not the moon's phases.
• B) It gets cold every night.Incorrect. The guide says most of the year is hot and humid, which contradicts cold nights.
• C) It is cold for most of the year.Incorrect. The guide says the opposite: 'Most of the year it's hot and humid'.
• D) It almost never gets cold.Correct. 'Once in a blue moon' means very rarely, which fits the advice to bring light clothes.

Respuesta correcta: D) He cannot understand what the question is asking.

• A) He cannot write numbers on the question.Incorrect. 'Figure' can mean a number, but 'figure out' is a phrasal verb about understanding.
• B) He cannot draw a picture of the question.Incorrect. 'Figure' can mean an image, but the phrasal verb has nothing to do with drawing.
• C) He has decided to skip the question.Incorrect. Pablo has read it three times and the teacher gives him a strategy, so he has not skipped it.
• D) He cannot understand what the question is asking.Correct. 'Figure out' means to understand or solve something after thinking about it.