🇨🇴 ICFES SaberSemana 2 · 12 preguntas

Healthy Lifestyles

Bundle W02 de Inglés para Grado 9 en Colombia (DBA MEN Colombia): 12 preguntas con explicación pedagógica.

Alineación: DBA MEN Colombia

CO-ING-9-2026-W02-healthy-lifestyles-001-MASTERY-bundle

Pregunta 1

Bloom: Remember

Talking about a personal achievement in sports.

I ________ a marathon last year, and since then, I ________ to stay fit.

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: B) ran / have tried

  • A) have run / triedIncorrect. "Last year" requires Past Simple, and the ongoing effort requires Present Perfect.
  • B) ran / have triedCorrect! Past Simple for a finished time ("last year") and Present Perfect for an action continuing to the present.
  • C) run / tryIncorrect. These are simple present forms, not suitable for past events or ongoing results.
  • D) have run / have triedIncorrect. "Last year" cannot be used with Present Perfect in this context.

💡 Explicación

Usamos el Past Simple (ran) para acciones completadas en un tiempo específico del pasado (last year). El Present Perfect (have tried) se usa para acciones que comenzaron en el pasado y tienen relevancia o continúan en el presente.

Pregunta 2

Bloom: Remember

Asking about past experiences without a specific time.

"________ you ever ________ a vegetarian diet?"
"Yes, I ________ it for a month in 2022."

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: B) Have / tried / tried

  • A) Did / try / have triedIncorrect. "Ever" usually takes Present Perfect, and "in 2022" requires Past Simple.
  • B) Have / tried / triedCorrect! Present Perfect for experiences (ever) and Past Simple for a specific date (in 2022).
  • C) Have / tried / have triedIncorrect. "In 2022" is a finished time, so we cannot use Present Perfect.
  • D) Do / try / triedIncorrect. The first part is about experience, not a general habit.

💡 Explicación

Para preguntar sobre experiencias de vida en general usamos Present Perfect con ever. Sin embargo, si mencionamos un momento específico en el pasado (in 2022), debemos cambiar a Past Simple.

Pregunta 3

Bloom: Understand

Discussing the history of public health in Colombia.

The Colombian government ________ several health campaigns since the beginning of the decade.

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: B) has launched

  • A) launchedIncorrect. "Since" indicates a period starting in the past and continuing to now, requiring Present Perfect.
  • B) has launchedCorrect! Present Perfect fits the timeframe starting "since the beginning of the decade".
  • C) was launchingIncorrect. This describes an action in progress in the past.
  • D) launchesIncorrect. This is for general routines or facts.

💡 Explicación

La palabra since es un marcador clave del Present Perfect, ya que conecta el inicio de una acción en el pasado con el momento actual.

Pregunta 4

Bloom: Understand

Describing a change in habits.

Maria ________ to the gym regularly three years ago, but she ________ a member of a yoga club for the last six months.

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: B) went / has been

  • A) has gone / has beenIncorrect. "Three years ago" requires Past Simple.
  • B) went / has beenCorrect! Past Simple for the finished habit and Present Perfect for the current situation.
  • C) goes / isIncorrect. Doesn't correctly reflect the past time markers.
  • D) went / wasIncorrect. "For the last six months" implies she is still a member.

💡 Explicación

Diferenciamos entre un hábito terminado en el pasado (went... three years ago) y una situación que continúa en el presente (has been... for the last six months).

Pregunta 5

Bloom: Apply

A doctor talking to a patient about recent habits.

"You look much better! ________ you ________ more water lately?"
"Yes, I ________ a liter of water before breakfast this morning."

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: A) Have / been drinking / drank

  • A) Have / been drinking / drankCorrect! Present Perfect Continuous for a recent habit (lately) and Past Simple for a specific past time (this morning).
  • B) Did / drink / drankIncorrect. "Lately" is a marker for Present Perfect.
  • C) Have / drunk / have drunkIncorrect. "This morning" is considered a finished time in this context.
  • D) Are / drinking / drinkIncorrect. Improper use of tenses for recent and specific past actions.

💡 Explicación

Lately indica una tendencia reciente (Presente Perfecto Continuo), mientras que una acción completada en un momento específico de hoy (this morning) se expresa habitualmente en Past Simple.

Pregunta 6

Bloom: Apply

Discussing the popularity of "Ciclovía" in Bogotá.

Bogotá's Ciclovía ________ in 1974, and it ________ a Sunday tradition for millions of people ever since.

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: C) started / has been

  • A) has started / becameIncorrect. The start date is a specific past point.
  • B) started / becameIncorrect. The second part needs to show the tradition continues.
  • C) started / has beenCorrect! Specific start date in the past and a state that continues to the present.
  • D) has started / has beenIncorrect. The year 1974 requires Past Simple.

💡 Explicación

El evento histórico del inicio de la Ciclovía se narra en Past Simple. El hecho de que siga siendo una tradición se expresa con Present Perfect acompañado de ever since.

Pregunta 7

Bloom: Analyze

Analyzing subtle differences in meaning.

Which sentence implies that the person still lives a healthy life?

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: C) I have lived a healthy life for ten years.

  • A) I was very healthy when I was a teenager.Incorrect. This only refers to the past.
  • B) I lived a healthy life for ten years.Incorrect. This implies the ten-year period is finished.
  • C) I have lived a healthy life for ten years.Correct! Present Perfect implies the state started ten years ago and continues now.
  • D) I have been healthy last month.Incorrect. "Last month" is a finished time, so Present Perfect shouldn't be used.

💡 Explicación

El uso de for con el Present Perfect indica la duración de una acción o estado que aún es válido en el presente. Si usáramos Past Simple, la acción se consideraría terminada.

Pregunta 8

Bloom: Analyze

Correcting a common error in a conversation about diet.

"I have seen (1) a nutritionist yesterday (2) because I wanted (3) to change my eating habits. I haven't eaten (4) junk food since then."

Which part of the sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: A) (1) have seen

  • A) (1) have seenCorrect! With "yesterday", you must use Past Simple: "I saw".
  • B) (2) yesterdayIncorrect. "Yesterday" is a correct time marker for the past.
  • C) (3) wantedIncorrect. Past Simple is correct here for a past intention.
  • D) (4) haven't eatenIncorrect. Present Perfect is correct with "since then".

💡 Explicación

Un error común en el nivel B2 es mezclar el Present Perfect con marcadores de tiempo terminado como yesterday. En esos casos, el Past Simple es obligatorio.

Pregunta 9

Bloom: Analyze

Discussing the impact of sugar taxes.

Since the government ________ the tax on sugary drinks, the consumption of soda ________ significantly.

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: A) introduced / has fallen

  • A) introduced / has fallenCorrect! The introduction was a specific past event, and the fall is an ongoing result.
  • B) has introduced / fellIncorrect. Improper sequence of tenses.
  • C) introduced / fellIncorrect. Doesn't emphasize the current result.
  • D) introduces / is fallingIncorrect. "Since" requires a past event and a perfect result.

💡 Explicación

Después de since, la cláusula suele ir en Past Simple para marcar el punto de inicio, mientras que la cláusula principal usa Present Perfect para mostrar el efecto actual.

Pregunta 10

Bloom: Evaluate

Evaluating the use of tenses in a health report.

Read the following sentence:
"The rate of childhood obesity increased (A) between 2010 and 2020, but recent studies showed (B) that it has stabilized (C) since local schools started (D) promoting better nutrition."

Which verb is used incorrectly in the context of a current report?

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: B) showed

  • A) increasedIncorrect. This is correct for a finished time period (2010-2020).
  • B) showedIncorrect. "Show" should be in Present Perfect (have shown) to indicate the relevance of recent studies to the present.
  • C) has stabilizedIncorrect. Present Perfect is correct with since.
  • D) startedIncorrect. Past Simple is correct after since to mark the starting point.

💡 Explicación

Para reportar hallazgos de estudios recientes que tienen validez actual, el Present Perfect es más apropiado que el Past Simple, ya que conecta los resultados con el presente.

Pregunta 11

Bloom: Evaluate

Understanding the nuance of "just".

"I've just finished my workout."
What does this sentence tell us about the speaker?

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: D) They are likely still tired or at the gym.

  • A) They finished their workout a long time ago.Incorrect. "Just" implies a very recent completion.
  • B) They didn't finish the workout properly.Incorrect. It only refers to the timing.
  • C) They finish their workout at the same time every day.Incorrect. This is not about a routine.
  • D) They are likely still tired or at the gym.Correct! "Just" with Present Perfect shows an action finished moments ago with present consequences.

💡 Explicación

El uso de just con el Present Perfect enfatiza que la acción se completó hace un instante, lo cual suele implicar un estado presente (como estar sudado o cansado tras el ejercicio).

Pregunta 12

Bloom: Evaluate

Critiquing a fitness blog post.

Choose the best summary for a blog post that uses both tenses correctly:
"I ________ a professional athlete for five years before I ________ a knee injury in 2018. Since then, I ________ my focus to coaching and healthy living."

Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: C) was / had / have shifted

  • A) have been / have had / have shiftedIncorrect. The first two parts are finished past events.
  • B) was / had / shiftedIncorrect. The third part continues to the present.
  • C) was / had / have shiftedCorrect! Past Simple for the finished career and injury, Present Perfect for the current focus.
  • D) am / got / shiftIncorrect. Inconsistent use of tenses.

💡 Explicación

Este ejercicio requiere evaluar la línea de tiempo completa: hechos pasados terminados (was/had) frente a una nueva dirección que se mantiene hasta hoy (have shifted).

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