Bundle W40 de Inglés para Grado 9 en Colombia (DBA MEN Colombia): 12 preguntas con explicación pedagógica.
Alineación: DBA MEN Colombia
CO-ING-9-2026-W40-review-p8-001-MASTERY-bundle
Pregunta 1
Pregunta 1 · D4Bloom: Remember
A school newspaper in Bogotá is discussing globalization.
Choose the word that best completes the sentence: "Globalization has increased the __________ of goods and ideas across borders."
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)flow
💡 Explicación
Globalization refers to the growing interconnection of countries through trade, communication, and culture. The noun "flow" captures the continuous movement of goods and ideas, which is the core idea of the sentence.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)flow
A)flowCorrect. "Flow" means the continuous movement of goods and ideas from one place to another.
B)barrierIncorrect. A "barrier" blocks movement, which is the opposite of what globalization does.
C)declineIncorrect. A "decline" is a decrease, and it does not fit the idea of growing exchange.
D)isolationIncorrect. "Isolation" means separation, which contradicts the meaning of globalization.
💡 Explicación
Globalization refers to the growing interconnection of countries through trade, communication, and culture. The noun "flow" captures the continuous movement of goods and ideas, which is the core idea of the sentence.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta 2 · D4Bloom: Understand
A class in Medellín reads a short article about digital life.
Read the sentence: "Many teenagers in Medellín spend more than five hours a day online; this keeps them connected, but it also affects their sleep and concentration." What is the main idea?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)Online time has both benefits and drawbacks for teenagers.
💡 Explicación
The main idea sums up the central point of a text. Here, the sentence contrasts an advantage and a disadvantage of being online, so the main idea must include both sides. Recognizing this balance is a key reading skill.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)Online time has both benefits and drawbacks for teenagers.
A)Online time has both benefits and drawbacks for teenagers.Correct. The sentence presents a benefit (staying connected) and a drawback (poor sleep and concentration).
B)Teenagers never use the internet.Incorrect. The sentence clearly states that teenagers spend many hours online.
C)Sleep has no relation to screen time.Incorrect. The sentence explicitly links screen time to problems with sleep.
D)Medellín has no internet access.Incorrect. The sentence talks about teenagers who are online, so internet access clearly exists.
💡 Explicación
The main idea sums up the central point of a text. Here, the sentence contrasts an advantage and a disadvantage of being online, so the main idea must include both sides. Recognizing this balance is a key reading skill.
Pregunta 3
Pregunta 3 · D6Bloom: Apply
An email about a school project in Cartagena.
Complete the sentence with the correct form: "If I __________ more free time, I would join the environmental club."
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)had
💡 Explicación
The second conditional describes an imaginary or unlikely situation in the present or future. Its structure is: if + past simple, would + base verb. That is why "had" is the correct form in the if-clause.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)had
A)haveIncorrect. The simple present would describe a real possibility, but the result "would join" signals a second conditional.
B)will haveIncorrect. "Will" is not used in the if-clause of a second conditional.
C)would haveIncorrect. "Would" belongs in the main clause, not in the if-clause.
D)hadCorrect. The second conditional uses the past simple in the if-clause and "would" in the main clause.
💡 Explicación
The second conditional describes an imaginary or unlikely situation in the present or future. Its structure is: if + past simple, would + base verb. That is why "had" is the correct form in the if-clause.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta 4 · D6Bloom: Apply
A student is telling a friend about a concert in Bogotá last weekend.
Choose the correct option: "When we arrived at the concert in Bogotá, the band __________ playing."
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)had already started
💡 Explicación
The past perfect (had + past participle) is used to describe the earlier of two past actions. Here, the band started before we arrived, so "had already started" makes the sequence of events clear.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)had already started
A)has already startedIncorrect. The present perfect cannot be used here because the past reference time is explicit.
B)was already startIncorrect. "Was" must be followed by the -ing form, not the base verb.
C)already startedIncorrect. The simple past does not clearly show which action happened first.
D)had already startedCorrect. The past perfect shows that the band started before we arrived.
💡 Explicación
The past perfect (had + past participle) is used to describe the earlier of two past actions. Here, the band started before we arrived, so "had already started" makes the sequence of events clear.
Pregunta 5
Pregunta 5 · D6Bloom: Apply
A report about Colombian coffee for a school magazine in Armenia.
Complete the sentence: "Every year, thousands of tons of coffee __________ from the Andean region of Colombia."
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)are exported
💡 Explicación
The passive voice is used when the action is more important than who performs it. The present passive is built with the verb "to be" plus a past participle: "coffee is exported" or "tons are exported", agreeing in number with the subject.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)are exported
A)exportIncorrect. The active form would mean the coffee exports something, which makes no sense.
B)are exportedCorrect. The present passive is formed with "are" plus the past participle, and the subject "tons" is plural.
C)is exportingIncorrect. This active continuous form does not fit the passive meaning and does not agree with the plural subject.
D)has exportedIncorrect. The singular "has" does not agree with the plural subject and the form is active.
💡 Explicación
The passive voice is used when the action is more important than who performs it. The present passive is built with the verb "to be" plus a past participle: "coffee is exported" or "tons are exported", agreeing in number with the subject.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta 6 · D6Bloom: Apply
A student is reporting a conversation for an English class.
Direct speech: "I will visit Cartagena next week," Ana said. Choose the correct reported version.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)Ana said that she would visit Cartagena the following week.
💡 Explicación
In reported speech, verbs usually move one step back in time: "will" becomes "would", and time expressions change, such as "next week" becoming "the following week". These shifts keep the original meaning in the new context.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)Ana said that she would visit Cartagena the following week.
A)Ana said that she will visit Cartagena next week.Incorrect. In reported speech, "will" normally shifts back to "would".
B)Ana said that she visits Cartagena the following week.Incorrect. The simple present does not match the original future meaning.
C)Ana said that she would visit Cartagena the following week.Correct. Both the verb and the time expression shift back correctly.
D)Ana said that she is visiting Cartagena next week.Incorrect. The present continuous does not reflect the original future intention.
💡 Explicación
In reported speech, verbs usually move one step back in time: "will" becomes "would", and time expressions change, such as "next week" becoming "the following week". These shifts keep the original meaning in the new context.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta 7 · D8Bloom: Analyze
A grammar workshop in Cali compares two similar sentences.
Compare: (1) "The students who passed the exam received a certificate." (2) "The students, who passed the exam, received a certificate." What is the difference in meaning?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)In (1) only some students passed; in (2) the implication is that all the students passed.
💡 Explicación
Defining relative clauses give essential information and select a specific group. Non-defining relative clauses, set off by commas, add extra information about a group already identified. The commas in sentence (2) change the message significantly.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)In (1) only some students passed; in (2) the implication is that all the students passed.
A)Both sentences have exactly the same meaning.Incorrect. Punctuation with commas changes the kind of clause and therefore the meaning.
B)In (1) only some students passed; in (2) the implication is that all the students passed.Correct. The defining clause (1) identifies a subgroup, while the non-defining clause (2) adds extra information about all of them.
C)In (1) no student passed the exam.Incorrect. Sentence (1) states that some students did pass and received a certificate.
D)In (2) the exam was cancelled.Incorrect. Nothing in the sentence suggests that the exam was cancelled.
💡 Explicación
Defining relative clauses give essential information and select a specific group. Non-defining relative clauses, set off by commas, add extra information about a group already identified. The commas in sentence (2) change the message significantly.
Pregunta 8
Pregunta 8 · D8Bloom: Analyze
A blog post about digital life in modern cities.
The author writes: "Of course, spending eight hours a day on social media is a perfectly balanced lifestyle." What does the author imply?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)The author is being ironic and actually criticizes excessive screen time.
💡 Explicación
Irony says the opposite of what is meant. The phrase "perfectly balanced" is exaggerated next to "eight hours a day", which signals that the author actually considers that amount excessive. Detecting irony helps readers understand the real attitude of the author.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)The author is being ironic and actually criticizes excessive screen time.
A)The author sincerely approves of eight hours of social media a day.Incorrect. The phrase "of course" is used ironically, so the literal praise is not the real message.
B)The author believes social media does not exist.Incorrect. The sentence clearly refers to social media, so the author does not deny its existence.
C)The author is describing a scientific experiment.Incorrect. The sentence is an opinion, not the report of an experiment.
D)The author is being ironic and actually criticizes excessive screen time.Correct. The exaggerated praise signals the opposite meaning and points to criticism.
💡 Explicación
Irony says the opposite of what is meant. The phrase "perfectly balanced" is exaggerated next to "eight hours a day", which signals that the author actually considers that amount excessive. Detecting irony helps readers understand the real attitude of the author.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta 9 · D8Bloom: Analyze
An environmental report about a wetland near Cartagena.
Read: "The wetland was restored by local volunteers, and since then more than forty bird species have been recorded there." What can be inferred?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)The restoration had a positive effect on local wildlife.
💡 Explicación
An inference is a conclusion drawn from the evidence in the text. The passive form "was restored" tells us who did the action (local volunteers), and the increase in bird species after the restoration allows us to infer a positive environmental effect.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)The restoration had a positive effect on local wildlife.
A)The restoration had a positive effect on local wildlife.Correct. The return of many bird species after the restoration suggests a positive outcome.
B)The volunteers destroyed the wetland.Incorrect. The wetland was restored, not destroyed.
C)No birds live in the area.Incorrect. The text says that more than forty species have been recorded there.
D)The wetland was restored by the government.Incorrect. The text states that local volunteers carried out the restoration.
💡 Explicación
An inference is a conclusion drawn from the evidence in the text. The passive form "was restored" tells us who did the action (local volunteers), and the increase in bird species after the restoration allows us to infer a positive environmental effect.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta 10 · D8Bloom: Analyze
A geography lesson about the environment.
In the phrase "sustainable development", the word "sustainable" is closest in meaning to:
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)Able to continue without damaging resources for the future
💡 Explicación
The adjective "sustainable" comes from the verb "to sustain", meaning to keep something going over time. In environmental contexts, sustainable development meets present needs without compromising the resources that future generations will need.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)Able to continue without damaging resources for the future
A)Fast and profitable in the short termIncorrect. This describes a short-term gain, the opposite of a sustainable approach.
B)Able to continue without damaging resources for the futureCorrect. "Sustainable" means something can be maintained over time without exhausting resources.
C)Impossible to maintainIncorrect. That is the opposite meaning of "sustainable".
D)Related only to technologyIncorrect. Sustainability applies to many fields, not only technology.
💡 Explicación
The adjective "sustainable" comes from the verb "to sustain", meaning to keep something going over time. In environmental contexts, sustainable development meets present needs without compromising the resources that future generations will need.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta 11 · D10Bloom: Evaluate
A news report in Bogotá about a public project.
A news report says: "The mayor claimed that the project had been completed." Why might the reporter use "claimed" instead of "said"?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)To suggest some doubt about the truth of the statement.
💡 Explicación
Reporting verbs carry attitude. "Said" is neutral, while "claimed" suggests that the reporter does not fully accept the statement as true. In journalism, choosing one reporting verb over another can subtly guide the reader's interpretation.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)To suggest some doubt about the truth of the statement.
A)To show complete certainty and agreement.Incorrect. Certainty would be expressed with reporting verbs such as "confirmed" or "stated".
B)Because "said" is grammatically incorrect in this sentence.Incorrect. "Said" would be grammatically correct, but it would not express the same nuance.
C)To suggest some doubt about the truth of the statement.Correct. "Claim" often implies that the information has not been verified or is open to question.
D)To indicate that the mayor never spoke.Incorrect. The verb "claimed" shows that the mayor did speak, but with doubt about the content.
💡 Explicación
Reporting verbs carry attitude. "Said" is neutral, while "claimed" suggests that the reporter does not fully accept the statement as true. In journalism, choosing one reporting verb over another can subtly guide the reader's interpretation.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta 12 · D10Bloom: Evaluate
A debate club in Medellín discusses the effects of globalization.
A text argues: "Globalization only benefits rich countries." Which evaluation is most reasonable?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)It is an overgeneralization; globalization brings opportunities and risks that vary from country to country.
💡 Explicación
Evaluating an argument means judging how well it is supported and how precise its claims are. Absolute words such as "only" often signal an overgeneralization. A more reasonable evaluation recognizes both the opportunities and the risks that globalization creates in different countries.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)It is an overgeneralization; globalization brings opportunities and risks that vary from country to country.
A)It is entirely true and cannot be questioned.Incorrect. The word "only" makes an absolute claim that ignores the variety of real cases.
B)It is false because globalization has never had any effect.Incorrect. Globalization clearly has effects, so this statement is inaccurate.
C)It is an overgeneralization; globalization brings opportunities and risks that vary from country to country.Correct. This evaluation recognizes the complexity of the issue without denying that problems exist.
D)It is irrelevant because international trade does not exist.Incorrect. International trade is a central and real feature of the global economy.
💡 Explicación
Evaluating an argument means judging how well it is supported and how precise its claims are. Absolute words such as "only" often signal an overgeneralization. A more reasonable evaluation recognizes both the opportunities and the risks that globalization creates in different countries.
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