Repaso P1

Respuesta correcta: D) Last Saturday Diego visited his grandparents and he stayed there until Sunday evening.

• A) Last Saturday Diego visit his grandparents and he stay there until Sunday evening.The past simple is formed with the verb alone in the affirmative, so the bare 'visit' and 'stay' are wrong.
• B) Last Saturday Diego visited his grandparents and he stay there until Sunday evening.The second clause has its own subject, 'he', so it also requires the past simple 'stayed'.
• C) Last Saturday Diego visited his grandparents and he staying there until Sunday evening.'Staying' is a gerund and cannot serve as the verb of the main clause.
• D) Last Saturday Diego visited his grandparents and he stayed there until Sunday evening.A finished action in the past needs the past simple in both clauses, so 'visited' and 'stayed' are right.

Respuesta correcta: D) She works at the clinic every morning.

• A) She work at the clinic every morning.Without the 's' the sentence describes a habit shared by every person, which the context does not say.
• B) She working at the clinic every morning.A gerund cannot be the main verb of a statement about a daily routine.
• C) She is work at the clinic every morning.'Is' cannot be followed by the bare verb 'work'; that structure requires a gerund or an infinitive.
• D) She works at the clinic every morning.In the third person singular of the present simple, the verb takes an 's', so 'works' is required.

Respuesta correcta: C) What time does the store open?

• A) What time does the store opens?After 'does', the main verb loses its 's', so 'opens' must become 'open'.
• B) What time opens the store?English questions place the auxiliary before the subject, not at the end of the clause.
• C) What time does the store open?Questions in the present simple keep the auxiliary 'does' and place it before the subject, with the main verb in its base form.
• D) What time the store opens?A direct question in English needs an auxiliary verb, and its absence makes the sentence incomplete.

Respuesta correcta: B) Students have to submit the assignment by Friday.

• A) Students having to submit the assignment by Friday.A gerund cannot begin a main clause in this structure.
• B) Students have to submit the assignment by Friday.'Have to' describes an obligation and takes a bare infinitive, so this sentence is correct.
• C) Students has to submit the assignment by Friday.'Has' agrees with 'he', 'she' or 'it', while the plural subject 'students' requires 'have'.
• D) Students have to submitted the assignment by Friday.After a modal verb such as 'have to', the following verb must be the bare form, without 'ed'.

Respuesta correcta: A) has erupted

• A) has eruptedThe present perfect links a past action to the present with 'since', which is the time expression in the sentence.
• B) eruptedThe past simple would place the eruptions entirely in the past and would not work with 'since' plus a continuing period.
• C) will erupt'Will' refers to the future and contradicts the fact that the eruptions already happened.
• D) was eruptingThe past continuous describes an action in progress at a past moment, not a repeated event linked to the present.

Respuesta correcta: A) How many tourists visited the park last year?

• A) How many tourists visited the park last year?A past question uses 'did' plus the base form 'visit', and the rest of the clause keeps its normal word order.
• B) How many tourists visit the park last year?'Visit' with no auxiliary describes a habitual present action and cannot be combined with the past marker 'last year'.
• C) How many tourists did visited the park last year?English uses 'did' plus the bare infinitive, so the past form 'visited' after 'did' is a double marking of the past.
• D) How many tourists visited last year the park?The time expression does not split the subject from its verb, and English requires the verb to follow the subject directly.

Respuesta correcta: A) Students must not use phones during the exam.

• A) Students must not use phones during the exam.A modal of prohibition is followed by the bare infinitive, so 'must not use' is the correct sequence.
• B) Students must not used phones during the exam.A modal never takes a past participle as the next verb, so 'must not used' is impossible.
• C) Students must not to use phones during the exam.An infinitive marker cannot follow a modal, since the modal already contains the full verb form.
• D) Students must not using phones during the exam.A gerund cannot follow a modal in this structure, and 'must' already carries the auxiliary meaning.

Respuesta correcta: C) An unreal situation in the past with a result that did not happen

• A) A plan for the futureA future plan would use 'will' or 'be going to', neither of which appears in the sentence.
• B) A request for information about the presentA question about the present would use a present form or a modal of speculation, not a past perfect.
• C) An unreal situation in the past with a result that did not happenThe third conditional describes an imagined past situation and its unreal result, which matches the sentence.
• D) A real habit in the pastA real past habit would use the past simple in both clauses rather than 'had known' and 'would have left'.

Respuesta correcta: C) It identifies which species the sentence is talking about

• A) It expresses the purpose of the forestPurpose would require 'in order to' or 'so that', and the clause describes species rather than an intention.
• B) It reports what a person saidReporting speech would need a reporting verb such as 'says' or 'explains', and the sentence states a fact directly.
• C) It identifies which species the sentence is talking aboutA defining relative clause with 'that' restricts the noun 'species' to a particular group, which is the identification function.
• D) It explains the cause of the sentenceA clause of cause would begin with 'because', 'since' or 'as', none of which appears here.

Respuesta correcta: D) Because overfishing reduced the fish population, the bay recovered slowly.

• A) Overfishing the fish population, the bay recovered slowly.A verb in the form 'overfishing the population' has no subject, so the clause cannot stand alone as written.
• B) Although the bay recovered slowly, overfishing reduced the fish population.'Although' introduces a contrast, which reverses the causal relation the report is describing.
• C) The bay recovered slowly overfishing the fish population.The main clause is followed by a bare participle with no connective, leaving the two ideas unconnected.
• D) Because overfishing reduced the fish population, the bay recovered slowly.The subordinate clause first gives the cause and the main clause gives the result, which matches the order named in the question.

Respuesta correcta: A) 'So' introduces a result that follows from what comes before

• A) 'So' introduces a result that follows from what comes before'So' signals a consequence, and the affordability of solar power explains why panels appeared on rooftops.
• B) 'So' introduces a contrast with an opposite ideaA contrast would be introduced by 'but', 'however' or 'although', none of which appears.
• C) 'So' introduces a comparison between two equal thingsA comparison requires 'like', 'as' or 'than', which are absent from the sentence.
• D) 'So' introduces a condition that must be satisfied firstA conditional would require 'if', 'unless' or a modal of obligation, and the sentence states a general fact.

Respuesta correcta: D) You should see a specialist.

• A) You saw a specialist.'Saw' is the past simple, which reports a completed action rather than a recommendation.
• B) You will saw a specialist.A future form plus a past verb is impossible, since a future auxiliary requires the base form.
• C) You are see a specialist.'Are' requires an adjective or a gerund after it, and 'see' is neither.
• D) You should see a specialist.'Should' plus a bare infinitive gives advice, and the context presents it as a recommendation.

Respuesta correcta: B) Water boils at one hundred degrees Celsius.

• A) Water will be boiled at one hundred degrees Celsius.The passive future would describe water being heated by someone, which reverses the meaning entirely.
• B) Water boils at one hundred degrees Celsius.The present simple states a fact that is always true, which is the standard register for a scientific law.
• C) Water is boiling at one hundred degrees Celsius.The present continuous would describe the water boiling right now, not a permanent fact.
• D) Water has boiled at one hundred degrees Celsius.The present perfect would imply that the event happened in the past and still matters now, which is not the intended meaning.

Respuesta correcta: C) It is not finished and the work continues at the moment of speaking

• A) It will never be finishedA refusal to finish is expressed by a modal such as 'will not', not by a progressive form.
• B) It was finished by someone elseAn agent would require a by-phrase, and the answer names no other person.
• C) It is not finished and the work continues at the moment of speakingThe present continuous with 'still' shows an action in progress at the time of the conversation.
• D) It was finished before the interviewA completed action in the past would use the past perfect, which does not appear in the answer.

Respuesta correcta: B) Strong and not easily damaged

• A) New and recently bought'New' describes age rather than strength, and neither word replaces 'sturdy' in the sentence.
• B) Strong and not easily damaged'Sturdy' describes shoes that are strong and resist damage, which is what a trail requires.
• C) Delicate and easily broken'Delicate' is the opposite quality and would warn the reader to handle them with care.
• D) Expensive and of a high price'Expensive' is a claim about price, which the guide never makes.

Respuesta correcta: C) I am writing to apply for the scholarship offered by your institution.

• A) I write to you because I want the scholarship of you.The present tense and the possessive 'of you' do not describe the purpose of an application.
• B) I would be to apply the scholarship from you guys.'Would be to' is not an English structure and the article 'the' is missing before the scholarship.
• C) I am writing to apply for the scholarship offered by your institution.The neutral, complete sentence uses standard grammar and vocabulary, which suits a formal application.
• D) Hey, I'm just trying to get that scholarship you guys have.The contractions, the slang 'guys' and the casual 'trying to get' belong to conversation, not to a scholarship letter.

Respuesta correcta: D) She don't know the answer.

• A) She doesn't know the answer.'Doesn't' is the correct third person negative form of the present simple.
• B) She didn't know the answer.The past simple negative correctly uses 'didn't' plus the base form.
• C) She hasn't known the answer.The present perfect negative correctly uses 'hasn't' with a past participle.
• D) She don't know the answer.The contracted negative uses 'don't' for every person except 'he', 'she' and 'it', which require 'doesn't'.

Respuesta correcta: A) The bill

• A) The billThe verb 'was passed' is passive, so the subject is the thing that receives the action, which is the bill.
• B) The congressThe congress performs the action in an active sentence, but here it appears inside a by-phrase.
• C) The debateThe debate is a prepositional noun after 'after', so it does not govern the passive verb.
• D) The three daysThe days belong to the same prepositional phrase and cannot be the subject of the main clause.

Respuesta correcta: B) Public transport in the capital is crowded, because most workers commute by bus.

• A) Is public transport in the capital is crowded, because most workers commute by bus.The opening auxiliary before the noun phrase has no question to ask, because no wh-word is present.
• B) Public transport in the capital is crowded, because most workers commute by bus.The main clause comes first and the 'because' clause supplies the reason, which is the expected order.
• C) Public transport in the capital, because most workers commute by bus is crowded.The noun phrase has been split by the 'because' clause, which no English sentence permits.
• D) Public transport because most workers commute by bus in the capital is crowded.Inserting the subordinate clause in the middle of the subject leaves the sentence without a clear structure.

Respuesta correcta: B) Applications close at midnight on 30 September.

• A) Application closed at the midnight 30 September.'Closed' reports a finished action in the past, and the noun is left without its plural ending.
• B) Applications close at midnight on 30 September.A plural noun takes a plural verb in the present simple, and the date is written in the standard order.
• C) Applications closes at midnight on 30 September.'Closes' agrees with a singular noun, while 'applications' is plural.
• D) Applications are closing on the midnight of the 30 of September.'Are closing' changes the meaning to an action in progress and the date is written in an unnatural way.