Text: The clinic opened at six in the morning and by eight all the appointments for the day were already taken. Staff now arrive before six to prepare the rooms.
What can be inferred from the text?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)Demand for appointments is higher than the clinic originally expected
💡 Explicación
An inference is a conclusion the reader draws by combining facts that the text states separately. Here the early fill-up and the earlier staff arrival both point to the same unstated cause.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)Demand for appointments is higher than the clinic originally expected
A)The clinic has plans to hire more doctorsNo hiring plan appears anywhere in the passage.
B)Demand for appointments is higher than the clinic originally expectedFull bookings by eight and an earlier start for staff show demand beyond what the clinic planned for.
C)The clinic intends to close earlier in the afternoonNothing in the text mentions afternoon closing times.
D)Most patients prefer afternoon appointmentsThe appointments fill before midday, so the text supports the opposite of an afternoon preference.
💡 Explicación
An inference is a conclusion the reader draws by combining facts that the text states separately. Here the early fill-up and the earlier staff arrival both point to the same unstated cause.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta 2 · D3Bloom: Understand
Text: Last year the road was repaired for the first time in twenty years. This year the surface has developed cracks in exactly the places where the heavy machinery was used.
What is the most likely explanation for the cracks?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)The machinery used during the repair damaged the new surface
💡 Explicación
Inferences drawn from position are often the strongest available: if a defect appears exactly where something was done, that something is a plausible cause even without an explicit statement.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)The machinery used during the repair damaged the new surface
A)The road was never repaired at allThe text states plainly that the road was repaired last year.
B)The cracks are caused by heavy rain onlyRain is not mentioned, and the coincidence of location points to another cause.
C)The road was repaired twice in the same yearOnly one repair is reported, so no second repair can explain the damage.
D)The machinery used during the repair damaged the new surfaceThe location of the cracks matches where the machinery worked, so the repair itself is implicated.
💡 Explicación
Inferences drawn from position are often the strongest available: if a defect appears exactly where something was done, that something is a plausible cause even without an explicit statement.
Pregunta 3
Pregunta 3 · D4Bloom: Analyze
Text: Two schools joined the recycling programme. In the first, the bins were placed in every classroom and participation rose by half. In the second, the bins stayed in the central yard and participation did not change.
What does the comparison allow the reader to conclude?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)Where the bins were placed mattered more than whether the school joined
💡 Explicación
When two cases are compared and only one variable differs, the conclusion about that variable is the strongest inference available. The comparison in this text is designed to make exactly one factor visible.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)Where the bins were placed mattered more than whether the school joined
A)Recycling programmes never work in schoolsThe first school shows a clear improvement, which contradicts a general claim that programmes never work.
B)Central yards attract more rubbishNo claim about rubbish or the yard itself appears in the text.
C)Where the bins were placed mattered more than whether the school joinedBoth schools joined the same programme, so the only stated difference is the placement of the bins.
D)The second school has less motivated studentsStudent motivation is never mentioned in the text.
💡 Explicación
When two cases are compared and only one variable differs, the conclusion about that variable is the strongest inference available. The comparison in this text is designed to make exactly one factor visible.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta 4 · D4Bloom: Evaluate
Text: The number of visitors to the museum doubled in three years, while the museum's own staff grew by only two people.
Which statement does the text leave open?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)How the museum managed to serve twice as many people
💡 Explicación
A well-constructed comprehension question asks about what the text does not settle. Recognising the boundary of a passage is as important as retrieving what it states.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)How the museum managed to serve twice as many people
A)How the museum managed to serve twice as many peopleThe text gives the two figures but never explains the mechanism, so that question remains unanswered.
B)Whether the number of visitors rose at allThe doubling is stated explicitly, so that question is closed.
C)Whether the staff were paid moreNo information about salaries appears, and the question of payment is outside what the text covers.
D)Whether the museum changed its opening hoursOpening hours are never mentioned, so no conclusion can be drawn from the passage.
💡 Explicación
A well-constructed comprehension question asks about what the text does not settle. Recognising the boundary of a passage is as important as retrieving what it states.
Pregunta 5
Pregunta 5 · D4Bloom: Apply
Text: After the ban on plastic bags, checkout staff reported that many customers now refuse the thin bags offered at the till and ask for paper ones instead.
What does this change in customer behaviour suggest?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)The ban influenced habits at the point of purchase, not only in policy
💡 Explicación
Behavioural evidence is strong evidence that a policy works. A report about what people actually do at the counter carries more weight for a reader than a statement about what the law permits.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)The ban influenced habits at the point of purchase, not only in policy
A)The ban influenced habits at the point of purchase, not only in policyThe refusal happens at the till, which shows the policy reaching actual consumer decisions.
B)Customers no longer buy anything in plasticRefusing thin bags is not the same as abandoning plastic entirely.
C)Paper bags are cheaper for the shopNo price comparison between materials appears in the text.
D)The ban was withdrawn shortly afterwardsThe text reports an effect of the ban and gives no sign that it was withdrawn.
💡 Explicación
Behavioural evidence is strong evidence that a policy works. A report about what people actually do at the counter carries more weight for a reader than a statement about what the law permits.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta 6 · D5Bloom: Analyze
Text: The station was repainted last winter. Passengers who use it daily say the paint has begun to peel in areas that are not exposed to rain.
What does the detail about the areas not exposed to rain imply?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)Weather is not the cause of the peeling
💡 Explicación
A detail can be informative because of what it rules out. The reader who notices that the damaged areas are sheltered uses that absence to eliminate a whole category of explanation.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)Weather is not the cause of the peeling
A)The paint is of a very good qualityPeeling within months is evidence of poor performance, not of good quality.
B)The station is used mostly in the rainy seasonThe description of areas without rain says nothing about when passengers travel.
C)The station needs to be repainted every winterNothing in the text supports a yearly repainting schedule.
D)Weather is not the cause of the peelingIf peeling occurs where there is no rain, the weather cannot explain it.
💡 Explicación
A detail can be informative because of what it rules out. The reader who notices that the damaged areas are sheltered uses that absence to eliminate a whole category of explanation.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta 7 · D5Bloom: Understand
Text: Volunteers counted birds in the reserve for five years. Four species that had been common every year disappeared after the second year and have not returned.
What is the most reasonable inference about those four species?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)Something in the reserve changed in a way that affected them
💡 Explicación
Inference questions often hinge on a change in a pattern. A stable period followed by sudden absence suggests a cause in the environment rather than in the observation.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)Something in the reserve changed in a way that affected them
A)They were never present in the reserveThey were recorded as common in the first two years, so they were certainly present.
B)Something in the reserve changed in a way that affected themA sudden disappearance after a stable period points to a change in conditions that those species could not tolerate.
C)The counting method was wrong in the second yearThe continued counting would have revealed a counting error, and the text reports a consistent result.
D)Those species migrated permanently to another continentPermanent migration to another continent is possible in principle but nothing in the text supports it.
💡 Explicación
Inference questions often hinge on a change in a pattern. A stable period followed by sudden absence suggests a cause in the environment rather than in the observation.
Pregunta 8
Pregunta 8 · D5Bloom: Evaluate
Text: The factory cut its water use by a third. The same period saw the arrival of a new washing machine that uses less water per load.
Which conclusion is justified by the text?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)Part of the reduction may be attributable to the new equipment
💡 Explicación
Careful inference limits itself to what the text supports and uses cautious wording for partial explanations. Claiming a total or exclusive cause would go beyond the evidence given.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)Part of the reduction may be attributable to the new equipment
A)The old machines were replaced by hand washingHand washing is not suggested by any sentence in the text.
B)Part of the reduction may be attributable to the new equipmentThe new machine is one identified factor, and the text gives no reason to exclude it from the reduction.
C)The new machine alone explains the entire reductionOne machine cannot plausibly account for a reduction of a third across the whole factory.
D)The reduction was caused by a fall in productionNo fall in production is mentioned anywhere in the passage.
💡 Explicación
Careful inference limits itself to what the text supports and uses cautious wording for partial explanations. Claiming a total or exclusive cause would go beyond the evidence given.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta 9 · D5Bloom: Analyze
Text: A survey found that students who sleep less than six hours score lower on attention tests. The researchers add that they did not measure how long each student had been awake before the test.
Why do the researchers mention what they did not measure?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)To flag a limitation that weakens the interpretation of the correlation
💡 Explicación
A limitation statement is a form of intellectual honesty that advanced readers look for. It tells the reader exactly where the evidence stops and the interpretation should stop with it.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)To flag a limitation that weakens the interpretation of the correlation
A)To show that the study was technically advancedStating a limitation is the opposite of advertising technical strength.
B)To suggest that attention tests are unreliableThe comment concerns time awake, and nothing suggests that the tests themselves were unreliable.
C)To explain why the sample was smallNo information about the size of the sample appears in the text.
D)To flag a limitation that weakens the interpretation of the correlationNaming an uncontrolled variable signals that the correlation may not reflect a direct relationship.
💡 Explicación
A limitation statement is a form of intellectual honesty that advanced readers look for. It tells the reader exactly where the evidence stops and the interpretation should stop with it.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta 10 · D5Bloom: Apply
Text: Two newspapers reported the same figures from the ministry. Only one of them also included the figure for the previous year, which allowed its readers to see that the number had fallen.
Why does one article give the reader an advantage over the other?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)It supplies the comparison that makes the trend visible
💡 Explicación
Data acquire meaning through comparison. This item asks the reader to notice that the difference between two reports is not the information itself but the frame that makes it interpretable.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)It supplies the comparison that makes the trend visible
A)It supplies the comparison that makes the trend visibleA current figure means little without the earlier one, so the comparison is what creates understanding.
B)It reports a different ministryBoth articles come from the same ministry, so the source is identical.
C)It uses a shorter headlineHeadline style has no bearing on what the reader can learn from the figures.
D)It was published earlier in the dayThe text says nothing about the order of publication.
💡 Explicación
Data acquire meaning through comparison. This item asks the reader to notice that the difference between two reports is not the information itself but the frame that makes it interpretable.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta 11 · D6Bloom: Analyze
Text: The study followed the same sixty households in both years. In the first year their electricity use was measured from meter readings; in the second, from a sample of households that volunteered to share readings.
What problem does this change in method introduce?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)The two years used different samples, so the results may not be comparable
💡 Explicación
Methodological detail in a passage is often included precisely so that a reader can spot a threat to validity. Inference questions on research texts often hinge on whether the method supports the comparison the authors draw.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)The two years used different samples, so the results may not be comparable
A)Meter readings are known to be inaccurate in the second yearThe concern is about comparability, not about the accuracy of any particular meter.
B)The households that volunteered used more electricity than the othersNothing in the text compares the volunteers with non-volunteers on usage.
C)The two years used different samples, so the results may not be comparableComparing two years requires the same subjects, and a smaller voluntary sample breaks the continuity.
D)The first year measured more households than the secondThe second year covers fewer households, so the first did not measure more.
💡 Explicación
Methodological detail in a passage is often included precisely so that a reader can spot a threat to validity. Inference questions on research texts often hinge on whether the method supports the comparison the authors draw.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta 12 · D6Bloom: Understand
Text: A guide to the trail advises hikers to carry water, since the last village lies six kilometres behind the ridge. Several hikers have treated the spring near the ridge as a refill point.
What warning does the passage imply?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)The spring cannot be relied upon as a source of water
💡 Explicación
A passage can imply through juxtaposition: the explicit advice and the reported mistake together build a warning the text never states outright.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)The spring cannot be relied upon as a source of water
A)The trail has no water sources at allA spring is a water source, so saying the trail has none contradicts the text.
B)Hikers should refill only in the last villageCarrying water from the start, not refilling in one village, is what the guide recommends.
C)The spring cannot be relied upon as a source of waterThe advice to carry water plus the hikers who depend on the spring imply that it is unreliable.
D)The spring is the best place to refillTreating the spring as a refill point is presented as a mistake, not a recommendation.
💡 Explicación
A passage can imply through juxtaposition: the explicit advice and the reported mistake together build a warning the text never states outright.
Pregunta 13
Pregunta 13 · D6Bloom: Evaluate
Text: The notice says the pool will close at six for maintenance. Regular users report that the last lap before six is always crowded.
Which inference is supported by the two sentences together?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)Closing time falls just before the period of heaviest use
💡 Explicación
Two sentences from different registers, a notice and an observation, combine into one inference about timing. Joining evidence across sentences is the core skill of inferential reading.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)Closing time falls just before the period of heaviest use
A)Regular users are unhappy with the poolThe text reports crowding as a fact and expresses no opinion about users' satisfaction.
B)Closing time falls just before the period of heaviest useA crowd in the final session before a six o'clock closing shows that the closing time cuts into the most popular period.
C)The pool is rarely used in the eveningA crowded last lap indicates heavy use, which contradicts the claim of little evening use.
D)The maintenance work is longer than plannedNothing in the text says anything about how long the maintenance takes.
💡 Explicación
Two sentences from different registers, a notice and an observation, combine into one inference about timing. Joining evidence across sentences is the core skill of inferential reading.
Pregunta 14
Pregunta 14 · D6Bloom: Analyze
Text: The recipe calls for two eggs. The version published last month called for three, and reviewers at the time complained that the result was too soft to slice.
What is the likely reason for the change in the recipe?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)Fewer eggs were used to make the result firm enough to slice
💡 Explicación
A revision is best explained by the complaint that preceded it. Linking a change in a text to a criticism already recorded is a standard inferential move in informational reading.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)Fewer eggs were used to make the result firm enough to slice
A)The cooking time was shortened in the new versionNo change in cooking time appears anywhere in the text.
B)Fewer eggs were used to make the result firm enough to sliceThe complaint concerned a result too soft to slice, and reducing eggs is the change that addresses that fault.
C)Eggs became more expensive in the shopsPrice is never mentioned in the passage.
D)The number of reviews dropped after publicationThe number of reviewers does not relate to the quantity of eggs.
💡 Explicación
A revision is best explained by the complaint that preceded it. Linking a change in a text to a criticism already recorded is a standard inferential move in informational reading.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta 15 · D6Bloom: Apply
Text: Attendance at evening classes rose after the college moved the timetable an hour earlier. The college has now applied the same change to the morning programme.
What can be inferred about the college's confidence in the change?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)The result with the first group was favourable enough to extend the change
💡 Explicación
Institutional decisions reveal what an organisation believes about its own evidence. An expansion of a programme is a fair signal that the earlier result was judged positive.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)The result with the first group was favourable enough to extend the change
A)The evening classes were cancelled after the trialA rise in attendance is the opposite of a cancellation.
B)The timetable change had no measurable effectAn effect was recorded, since attendance rose, which rules out the last reading.
C)The result with the first group was favourable enough to extend the changeExtending a change to a second group implies the first produced a satisfactory result.
D)The college is testing the change again on the same groupThe morning programme is a different group, so the same group is not being retested.
💡 Explicación
Institutional decisions reveal what an organisation believes about its own evidence. An expansion of a programme is a fair signal that the earlier result was judged positive.
Pregunta 16
Pregunta 16 · D7Bloom: Analyze
Text: The writer states that the policy has been in force for three years and that no case has reached the courts. She adds that most disagreements are settled privately before any legal step is needed.
What does the writer appear to want the reader to conclude?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)The absence of court cases does not mean the policy has never caused conflict
💡 Explicación
A writer who qualifies evidence is usually correcting an impression the reader might otherwise form. This item asks the student to identify the implication that the surrounding sentences work to prevent.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)The absence of court cases does not mean the policy has never caused conflict
A)The policy has been completely accepted by everyone involvedSettling privately is not the same as universal acceptance, so the conclusion overstates the case.
B)The courts have refused to hear cases about the policyNo statement about courts refusing cases appears in the passage.
C)Private settlements are legally required by the policyThe text describes what happens, not what the policy legally requires.
D)The absence of court cases does not mean the policy has never caused conflictBy explaining that disputes are settled before any legal step, the writer weakens the inference that no conflict exists.
💡 Explicación
A writer who qualifies evidence is usually correcting an impression the reader might otherwise form. This item asks the student to identify the implication that the surrounding sentences work to prevent.
Pregunta 17
Pregunta 17 · D7Bloom: Evaluate
Text: Two readings of the same chart were possible. One took the vertical axis as the number of households; the other took it as the number of people, and each produces a different claim about average size.
Why is this an important point for a critical reader?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)The same numerical evidence supports different conclusions depending on how it is read
💡 Explicación
Critical reading extends to the conventions behind a source. This item asks the student to notice that a figure can support a claim or its opposite depending on an unstated definition.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)The same numerical evidence supports different conclusions depending on how it is read
A)The second reading of the axis is mathematically impossibleBoth readings are possible, so the second is not impossible.
B)Charts should never be used to support claims about householdsThe passage shows charts being used appropriately, and the issue is interpretation rather than suitability.
C)The same numerical evidence supports different conclusions depending on how it is readThe item shows that interpretation, not just calculation, determines what the evidence means.
D)The chart contains an arithmetic errorThe problem is the labelling of the axis, and no arithmetic error is mentioned.
💡 Explicación
Critical reading extends to the conventions behind a source. This item asks the student to notice that a figure can support a claim or its opposite depending on an unstated definition.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta 18 · D7Bloom: Understand
Text: The text describes a decline in the industry and then states that exports in the region rose over the same period. It never explains how both can be true.
What does the absence of explanation tell the reader?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)The two trends probably refer to different measures of the industry
💡 Explicación
When a passage holds two facts together without connecting them, a careful reader does not panic but also does not invent a contradiction. Instead, the gap points to a definitional difference the text never states.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)The two trends probably refer to different measures of the industry
A)The two trends probably refer to different measures of the industryWhere a text reports two apparently opposite trends without reconciling them, the reader should suspect different underlying measures.
B)One of the two statements must be falseRejecting one statement as false is a conclusion the evidence does not force.
C)The author forgot to include a conclusionAn unexplained tension is a feature of the passage rather than proof of carelessness.
D)Exports are unrelated to the industryThe connection between the two is exactly what the missing explanation would clarify.
💡 Explicación
When a passage holds two facts together without connecting them, a careful reader does not panic but also does not invent a contradiction. Instead, the gap points to a definitional difference the text never states.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta 19 · D7Bloom: Analyze
Text: A company announced a new recycling plant. Its report lists the recycling figures and the reduction in costs, but it never mentions that the plant stands on land used for farming until 2019.
Why does the omission matter for a critical reader?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)The report presents only the benefits and hides a cost that bears on the decision
💡 Explicación
Silence in a source is evidence. A reading that notices which relevant fact has been left out evaluates a text more effectively than one that only collects what it states.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)The report presents only the benefits and hides a cost that bears on the decision
A)The report presents only the benefits and hides a cost that bears on the decisionA report that lists gains without mentioning a documented loss is selective, and that changes how much weight its figures deserve.
B)The report is too short to be credibleLength is not the criterion for credibility, and the report may simply be brief.
C)Farming has no economic value in the regionThe text does not assess the economic value of farming.
D)The plant will certainly increase productionNothing in the passage establishes any increase in production.
💡 Explicación
Silence in a source is evidence. A reading that notices which relevant fact has been left out evaluates a text more effectively than one that only collects what it states.
Pregunta 20
Pregunta 20 · D7Bloom: Evaluate
Text: A commentator argues that the reform will reduce inequality. Her evidence is that average incomes in the two poorest districts rose after the reform, while the national average remained unchanged.
Which criticism of the argument is most accurate?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)A rise in the poorest districts alongside a flat national average may conceal a fall elsewhere
💡 Explicación
Statistical reasoning is part of critical reading. This item asks the student to see that an average can stay constant while its components move in opposite directions.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)A rise in the poorest districts alongside a flat national average may conceal a fall elsewhere
A)The poorest districts show a fall in incomeThe text states the opposite for those two districts.
B)A national average is never a useful measureThe national average is precisely what the argument uses as its reference point.
C)The reform clearly reduced inequalityA flat national average with gains concentrated in two districts does not demonstrate a general reduction.
D)A rise in the poorest districts alongside a flat national average may conceal a fall elsewhereIf some incomes rise while the average holds steady, the remaining households must have seen a reduction, which is what the argument leaves out.
💡 Explicación
Statistical reasoning is part of critical reading. This item asks the student to see that an average can stay constant while its components move in opposite directions.
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