Present Perfect Continuous

Respuesta correcta: A) I have been walking through the fields since morning.

• A) I have been walking through the fields since morning.Correct! The structure is 'have' plus 'been' plus the -ing form of the verb, which describes an activity that started and is still going on.
• B) I have been walk through the fields since morning.'Been walk' needs the -ing form, so the correct structure is 'have been walking'.
• C) I have walking through the fields since morning.'Have' must be followed by 'been' plus the -ing form here; a bare -ing form alone cannot follow 'have'.
• D) I have been walked through the fields since morning.'Been walked' is a passive participle, which would describe the fields walking the person, not the other way round.

Respuesta correcta: D) They have been working on the project since March.

• A) They have worked on the project since March and they finished it.The form is correct, but the last clause contradicts the first: 'they finished it' ends the activity that 'still revising' describes.
• B) They are working on the project since March.'Are working' is the present continuous, which is anchored to now but does not link the action to a past starting point.
• C) They worked on the project since March.'Worked' is the past simple and needs a finished time such as 'last March', not 'since March'.
• D) They have been working on the project since March.Correct! 'Since' marks the starting point of an activity that is still in progress, which is exactly what the continuous expresses.

Respuesta correcta: B) How long have you been studying English? I have been studying it for six years.

• A) How long are you studying English? I am studying it for six years.'Are studying' is the present continuous, which cannot be combined with 'for' to report a period that began in the past.
• B) How long have you been studying English? I have been studying it for six years.Correct! 'Have you been studying' is the present perfect continuous question and 'for six years' answers it with a duration.
• C) How long did you study English? I studied it for six years.'Did you study' is the past simple question and would require a finished situation rather than an ongoing one.
• D) How long you have been studying English? I have been studying it for six years.A question needs the auxiliary 'have' before the subject, so the order is 'how long have you been studying'.

Respuesta correcta: C) My hands are black because I have been repairing the bicycle.

• A) My hands are black because I am repairing the bicycle.'Am repairing' is the present continuous, which is anchored to now and says nothing about the earlier part of the afternoon.
• B) My hands are black because I have repaired the bicycle.The present perfect alone would work if the activity were finished, but here the continuous is what connects the state to the ongoing process.
• C) My hands are black because I have been repairing the bicycle.Correct! The continuous form links the visible result to the activity that has been going on and explains the evidence of it.
• D) My hands are black because I repaired the bicycle.'Repaired' is the past simple, which would need the afternoon stated as a finished period.

Respuesta correcta: A) He has been waiting for the bus for forty minutes.

• A) He has been waiting for the bus for forty minutes.Correct! 'Has been waiting' is the third person singular of the present perfect continuous, formed with 'has been' plus -ing.
• B) He has been waited for the bus for forty minutes.'Been waited' is a passive participle, so it would describe the bus waiting for him, which is the opposite meaning.
• C) He has been wait for the bus for forty minutes.'Been wait' needs the -ing form, so the structure would be 'has been waiting'.
• D) He is been waiting for the bus for forty minutes.'Is been' is not a valid combination in English; a progressive uses one auxiliary and a perfect uses the other.

Respuesta correcta: C) The company has been hiring graduates for three years.

• A) The company hired graduates for three years.'Hired' is the past simple and needs a finished period; 'for three years' signals an activity that has not ended.
• B) The company is hiring graduates since three years.'Since' marks a starting point rather than a duration, and the present continuous cannot be combined with it in this way.
• C) The company has been hiring graduates for three years.Correct! 'Has been hiring' plus 'for three years' describes an activity that began in the past and continues.
• D) The company has hire graduates for three years.'Has hire' needs the -ing form after 'has been', so the correct structure is 'has been hiring'.

Respuesta correcta: D) It has been raining all morning.

• A) It rains all morning.'Rains' is the present simple third person singular and would describe a repeated habit rather than an activity that began this morning.
• B) It is been raining all morning.'Is been' mixes a progressive auxiliary with the perfect 'been', and that combination does not exist in English.
• C) It has raining all morning.'Has raining' lacks the 'been' that the continuous requires after 'has'.
• D) It has been raining all morning.Correct! 'It' takes the form 'has been raining', with the third person singular 'has' plus 'been' plus -ing.

Respuesta correcta: B) They have not finished the report, and they have been working on it since July.

• A) They have not been finish the report, and they have been working on it since July.'Have not been finish' needs the past participle after 'been', so the negative continuous would be 'have not been working'.
• B) They have not finished the report, and they have been working on it since July.Correct! 'Have not finished' negates the present perfect and the second clause gives the matching continuous detail.
• C) They not have finished the report, and they have been working on it since July.English places the auxiliary before 'not', so a negative clause never begins with 'not have'.
• D) They haven't working on the report, and they have been working on it since July.'Haven't working' needs the -ing form after 'haven't been', so it is not a valid negative continuous.

Respuesta correcta: A) What have you been doing all morning? I have been preparing the presentation.

• A) What have you been doing all morning? I have been preparing the presentation.Correct! 'What have you been doing' is the present perfect continuous question and the answer repeats the same structure.
• B) What did you do all morning? I was preparing the presentation.'Did you do' is the past simple question, which would ask about a completed activity with a finished time.
• C) What have you been do all morning? I have been preparing the presentation.'Been do' needs the -ing form, so the question would be 'what have you been doing'.
• D) What you have been doing all morning? I have been preparing the presentation.A question needs the auxiliary 'have' before the subject, so the order is 'what have you been doing'.

Respuesta correcta: B) The engine has been making a strange noise for a week.

• A) The engine is making a strange noise since a week.'Since' marks a point in time, not a duration, so it cannot be used with the present continuous in this construction.
• B) The engine has been making a strange noise for a week.Correct! 'Has been making' plus 'for a week' describes a problem that began in the past and has not stopped.
• C) The engine makes a strange noise for a week.'Makes' is the present simple and would describe a habit; a fault that lasts a week needs the perfect continuous.
• D) The engine has made a strange noise since a week.'Since a week' is not a time expression in English; 'since' needs a starting point such as 'since last Monday'.

Respuesta correcta: D) We have known each other since we were children.

• A) We have known each other since we are children.'Since we are children' would require the present tense, but the sentence describes a period that started in the past.
• B) We have been know each other since we were children.'Been know' is not a form in English; a state verb does not take the continuous of the present perfect.
• C) We knew each other since we were children.'Knew' is the past simple and would place the whole relationship in a closed past period.
• D) We have known each other since we were children.Correct! Stative verbs such as 'know' take the present perfect simple rather than the continuous, since knowing is a state and not an activity.

Respuesta correcta: C) The children have been watching television since lunch.

• A) The children watched television since lunch.'Watched' is the past simple and would describe a single completed viewing rather than one still in progress.
• B) The children watch television since lunch.'Watch' is the present simple and cannot be combined with 'since' followed by a past starting point.
• C) The children have been watching television since lunch.Correct! 'Have been watching' plus 'since lunch' describes the activity that produced the sleepiness mentioned next.
• D) The children are watch television since lunch.'Are watch' needs the -ing form, so the present progressive would be 'are watching'.

Respuesta correcta: A) Volunteers have been cleaning the river every Saturday for months.

• A) Volunteers have been cleaning the river every Saturday for months.Correct! 'Have been cleaning' describes a repeated activity that has gone on for months and is still part of the routine.
• B) Volunteers is cleaning the river every Saturday for months.'Is cleaning' is the present continuous, which describes one action in progress rather than a repeated routine.
• C) Volunteers cleaned the river every Saturday for months.'Cleaned' is the past simple and would need a finished period rather than 'for months'.
• D) Volunteers have been clean the river every Saturday for months.'Been clean' needs the -ing form after 'been', so the correct structure is 'have been cleaning'.

Respuesta correcta: C) We have been living in Riobamba for two years.

• A) We have been live in Riobamba for two years.'Been live' needs the -ing form, so the structure would be 'have been living'.
• B) We have been lived in Riobamba for two years.'Been lived' is a passive participle, so it would describe being lived in by someone else rather than the residents living there.
• C) We have been living in Riobamba for two years.Correct! 'Have been living' plus 'for two years' describes a situation that started in the past and still holds now.
• D) We are been living in Riobamba for two years.'Are been' combines a progressive auxiliary with the perfect 'been', and that combination is not grammatical.

Respuesta correcta: B) Has he finished the report yet? No, he has not. He has been working on it all day.

• A) Has he finished the report yet? No, he hasn't working on it all day.'Hasn't working' needs the -ing form after 'been', so a valid negative continuous would be 'hasn't been working'.
• B) Has he finished the report yet? No, he has not. He has been working on it all day.Correct! 'Has finished' is the present perfect, 'has not' is its short negative answer and the continuous explains the day.
• C) Did he finish the report yet? No, he has not. He has been working on it all day.'Did he finish' is the past simple question and would ask about a finished moment rather than the result up to now.
• D) Has he finished the report yet? No, he not has. He has been working on it all day.A negative clause places the auxiliary before 'not', so 'not has' is not the word order of English.

Respuesta correcta: D) The rain has been falling for three hours.

• A) The rain has falling for three hours.'Has falling' needs the word 'been' between 'has' and the -ing form to form the present perfect continuous.
• B) The rain is falling since three hours.'Since' marks a starting point and needs a date or a reference such as 'since ten o'clock', not a length of time.
• C) The rain fell for three hours.'Fell' is the past simple and would describe a rain that stopped three hours ago, leaving the present unexplained.
• D) The rain has been falling for three hours.Correct! 'For three hours' is a duration that begins in the past and reaches the present, which requires 'has been falling'.

Respuesta correcta: A) I have been reading this novel for a month, but I have not finished it.

• A) I have been reading this novel for a month, but I have not finished it.Correct! The continuous reports the activity that has lasted and the perfect with 'not' reports that it is still not complete.
• B) I have been read this novel for a month, but I have not finished it.'Been read' is a passive participle, so it would describe the novel being read rather than the act of reading it.
• C) I am reading this novel for a month, but I have not finished it.'Am reading' is the present continuous and cannot be combined with 'for a month' in English.
• D) I read this novel for a month, but I have not finished it.'Read' is the past simple, which would suggest the reading is over and contradicts the unfinished state.

Respuesta correcta: B) The teacher has been waiting for us since ten o'clock.

• A) The teacher is waiting for us since ten o'clock.'Since' cannot follow the present continuous in English; the period a wait has lasted needs the perfect.
• B) The teacher has been waiting for us since ten o'clock.Correct! 'Has been waiting' plus 'since ten o'clock' marks a point in time as the start of an activity that continues.
• C) The teacher has been waited for us since ten o'clock.'Been waited' is a passive participle and would make the teacher the one who is waited for, reversing the meaning.
• D) The teacher has been wait for us since ten o'clock.'Been wait' needs the -ing form after 'been', so the correct form is 'has been waiting'.

Respuesta correcta: D) You have been studying the same chapter for hours.

• A) You are studied the same chapter for hours.'Are studied' is a passive progressive, which would describe the chapter being studied rather than a person studying it.
• B) You have been study the same chapter for hours.'Been study' needs the -ing form after 'been' in the present perfect continuous.
• C) You studied the same chapter for hours.'Studied' is the past simple and would place the activity in a finished period rather than an ongoing one.
• D) You have been studying the same chapter for hours.Correct! 'Have been studying' plus 'for hours' describes an activity that has lasted for a period and is still in progress.

Respuesta correcta: C) What have they been doing all week? They have been testing water samples.

• A) What have they been done all week? They have been testing water samples.'Been done' places a participle after 'been' and loses the progressive meaning of the verb.
• B) What they have been doing all week? They have been testing water samples.A question needs the auxiliary before the subject, so the order is 'what have they been doing'.
• C) What have they been doing all week? They have been testing water samples.Correct! The auxiliary 'have' comes before the subject in the question and the answer repeats the present perfect continuous.
• D) What have they been doing all week? They have tested water samples.'Have tested' is the present perfect simple, which reports a completed set of tests rather than the ongoing activity of the whole week.