Conditionals Type 2 3

Respuesta correcta: A) If I had more free time, I would learn to play the guitar.

• A) If I had more free time, I would learn to play the guitar.Correct! 'Had' is the past of 'have' used in the if clause of a second conditional, which describes an unreal present situation.
• B) If I have more free time, I would learn to play the guitar.'If I have' describes a real present situation, so it would require the present conditional rather than 'would' in the main clause.
• C) If I would have more free time, I would learn to play the guitar.'If I would have' mixes a modal with the past of 'have' and is not the form an if clause takes.
• D) If I having more free time, I would learn to play the guitar.'If I having' needs the -ing form only after 'be', so the clause would have to be written as 'if I were having'.

Respuesta correcta: D) If she studied harder, she would pass the exam.

• A) If she study harder, she would pass the exam.'Study' has no ending, but the past simple of 'study' is 'studied' with the -y changed to -ied.
• B) If she studies harder, she would pass the exam.'Studies' is the present simple, which belongs to the first conditional and describes a real possibility.
• C) If she would study harder, she would pass the exam.'Would study' places a modal in the if clause, which is not how a second conditional is built.
• D) If she studied harder, she would pass the exam.Correct! 'Studied' is the past simple used in the if clause of a second conditional, and 'would pass' completes the pattern.

Respuesta correcta: B) If I had known about the exam, I would have studied much more.

• A) If I knew about the exam, I would have studied much more.'Knew' is the past simple and belongs to the second conditional, which talks about the present or the future.
• B) If I had known about the exam, I would have studied much more.Correct! 'Had known' and 'would have studied' are the two halves of a third conditional, which describes an unreal situation in the past.
• C) If I had known about the exam, I would study much more.'Would study' is the second conditional main clause; the third conditional requires 'would have' plus the past participle.
• D) If I have known about the exam, I would have studied much more.'Have known' is a present perfect and cannot appear in the if clause of a third conditional.

Respuesta correcta: C) If we take an umbrella, we won't get wet.

• A) If we had taken an umbrella, we wouldn't have got wet.'Had taken' with 'wouldn't have got' is the third conditional, which describes an unreal situation in the past.
• B) If we took an umbrella, we wouldn't get wet.'Took' with 'wouldn't get' belongs to the second conditional, which describes an unlikely present situation.
• C) If we take an umbrella, we won't get wet.Correct! 'Take' in the present simple and 'won't get' in the main clause form a first conditional about a real future possibility.
• D) If we would take an umbrella, we wouldn't get wet.'Would take' places a modal in the if clause, which does not happen in a first conditional.

Respuesta correcta: A) If I were taller, I could play basketball professionally.

• A) If I were taller, I could play basketball professionally.Correct! 'Were' is the past subjunctive used in the if clause of a second conditional, matching 'could' in the main clause.
• B) If I am taller, I could play basketball professionally.'Am' is the present form of 'be'; a second conditional needs the past form because it describes an imaginary situation.
• C) If I will be taller, I could play basketball professionally.'Will be' is a future form and belongs with 'will' or 'shall' in the main clause, not with 'could' in an if clause.
• D) If I being taller, I could play basketball professionally.'Being' needs an auxiliary before it, so the clause cannot open with 'if I being'.

Respuesta correcta: C) If they had left earlier, they would have caught the train to Quito.

• A) If they had left earlier, they would catch the train to Quito.'Would catch' is the main clause of a second conditional; the third conditional requires 'would have' plus the participle.
• B) If they left earlier, they would have caught the train to Quito.'Left' is the past simple and belongs to the second conditional, not to a situation in the past.
• C) If they had left earlier, they would have caught the train to Quito.Correct! 'Had left' and 'would have caught' are the two halves of a third conditional, and 'catch' has the irregular participle 'caught'.
• D) If they had been leave earlier, they would have caught the train to Quito.'Had been leave' uses a participle after 'been' where the third conditional needs the past simple of 'leave', which is 'left'.

Respuesta correcta: D) Would you help me if I asked you politely?

• A) Would you help me if I asking you politely?'Asking' needs the auxiliary 'were' before it, so the clause would be written as 'if I were asking'.
• B) Would you help me if I ask you politely?'Ask' is the present simple and belongs to the first conditional, which describes a real situation.
• C) Would you help me if I would ask you politely?'Would ask' places a modal in the if clause, which is not part of the conditional structure.
• D) Would you help me if I asked you politely?Correct! 'Asked' is the past simple of the if clause and 'would help' is the main clause of the second conditional.

Respuesta correcta: B) If I had studied medicine, I would work in a hospital now.

• A) If I studied medicine, I would have worked in a hospital now.'Studied' with 'would have worked' would make the consequence also a past event, producing a third conditional.
• B) If I had studied medicine, I would work in a hospital now.Correct! The condition is in the past and the consequence is in the present, which is the mixed conditional.
• C) If I have studied medicine, I would work in a hospital now.'Have studied' is a present perfect and cannot describe the unreal condition of a mixed conditional.
• D) If I had studied medicine, I would worked in a hospital now.'Would worked' mixes the modal with a past form of the verb, which never happens in English.

Respuesta correcta: A) If she hadn't slept so late, she wouldn't have missed the first lecture.

• A) If she hadn't slept so late, she wouldn't have missed the first lecture.Correct! 'Hadn't slept' negates the past condition and 'wouldn't have missed' negates the past consequence with the participle.
• B) If she didn't sleep so late, she wouldn't have missed the first lecture.'Didn't sleep' is a first conditional condition, which does not match 'wouldn't have missed' in the main clause.
• C) If she hadn't slept so late, she wouldn't miss the first lecture.'Wouldn't miss' is a second conditional consequence; the third conditional requires 'wouldn't have' plus the participle.
• D) If she hadn't slept so late, she wouldn't have miss the first lecture.'Wouldn't have miss' uses the base form after 'have'; that construction needs the past participle 'missed'.

Respuesta correcta: B) If I knew, I would tell you where she is.

• A) If I know, I would tell you where she is.'Know' is the present simple, which would require 'will tell' rather than 'would tell' in the main clause.
• B) If I knew, I would tell you where she is.Correct! 'Knew' is the past simple in the if clause and 'would tell' completes the second conditional pattern.
• C) If I would know, I would tell you where she is.'Would know' places a modal in the if clause, which is not part of the conditional structure.
• D) If I have known, I would tell you where she is.'Have known' is a present perfect and describes something that happened before a past moment, not an unreal present situation.

Respuesta correcta: D) If the volcano erupted again, the town would have to be evacuated.

• A) If the volcano erupting again, the town would have to be evacuated.'Erupting' needs the auxiliary 'were' before it, so the clause would be written as 'if the volcano were erupting'.
• B) If the volcano erupts again, the town would have to be evacuated.'Erupts' is the present simple and belongs to the first conditional, which describes a real possibility.
• C) If the volcano would erupt again, the town would have to be evacuated.'Would erupt' places a modal in the if clause, which does not occur in a second conditional.
• D) If the volcano erupted again, the town would have to be evacuated.Correct! 'Erupted' is the past simple in the if clause and 'would have to' completes the second conditional.

Respuesta correcta: C) If you had backed up your files, you would not have lost all your work.

• A) If you had backed up your files, you would not lose all your work.'Would not lose' has no 'have', so the consequence is not placed in the past as a third conditional requires.
• B) If you backed up your files, you would not lose all your work.'Backed up' is the past simple and 'would not lose' is a second conditional, so the sentence describes the present instead of the past.
• C) If you had backed up your files, you would not have lost all your work.Correct! 'Had backed up' is the past perfect condition and 'would not have lost' is the negative third conditional consequence.
• D) If you had been back up your files, you would not have lost all your work.'Had been back up' uses the passive after 'been' where the third conditional needs the past simple 'backed up'.

Respuesta correcta: A) If I had a car, I would drive to work instead of taking the bus.

• A) If I had a car, I would drive to work instead of taking the bus.Correct! 'Had' is the past of 'have' in the if clause and 'would drive' completes the second conditional.
• B) If I would have a car, I would drive to work instead of taking the bus.'Would have' places a modal in the if clause, which is not how a conditional is formed.
• C) If I have a car, I would drive to work instead of taking the bus.'Have' is the present simple, which would require 'will drive' rather than 'would drive' in the main clause.
• D) If I had a car, I would to drive to work instead of taking the bus.'Would to drive' adds an infinitive marker that never follows a modal verb.

Respuesta correcta: C) If the rain had not fallen yesterday, we could have gone to the park.

• A) If the rain had not fall yesterday, we could have gone to the park.'Had not fall' uses the base form after 'had not'; that construction needs the past participle.
• B) If the rain did not fall yesterday, we could have gone to the park.'Did not fall' is a first conditional condition and does not match 'could have gone' in the main clause.
• C) If the rain had not fallen yesterday, we could have gone to the park.Correct! 'Had not fallen' is the negative past perfect condition, and 'could have gone' is the third conditional consequence.
• D) If the rain had not been fallen yesterday, we could have gone to the park.'Had not been fallen' uses the passive after 'been' where the third conditional needs the active past participle 'fallen'.

Respuesta correcta: B) Where would you live if you won the lottery?

• A) Where would you live if you win the lottery?'Win' is the present simple, which would belong to the first conditional with 'will live'.
• B) Where would you live if you won the lottery?Correct! 'Won' is the past simple of 'win' in the if clause, and 'would live' is the main clause of the second conditional.
• C) Where would you live if you would win the lottery?'Would win' places a modal in the if clause, which is not part of the conditional structure.
• D) Where would you live if you winning the lottery?'Winning' needs the auxiliary 'were' before it, so the clause would be written as 'if you were winning'.

Respuesta correcta: D) If he studied more often, he would improve his English quickly.

• A) If he studied more often, he would to improve his English quickly.'Would to improve' adds an infinitive marker that never follows a modal verb.
• B) If he studied more often, he would improved his English quickly.'Would improved' adds a past form after the modal, which never happens in English.
• C) If he studied more often, he would improving his English quickly.'Would improving' uses the -ing form after the modal, where the base form is required.
• D) If he studied more often, he would improve his English quickly.Correct! 'Would improve' is a modal followed by the base form, which is the correct main clause of a second conditional.

Respuesta correcta: A) If they hadn't missed the bus, they would not be walking home in the dark.

• A) If they hadn't missed the bus, they would not be walking home in the dark.Correct! The condition is an unreal past event and the consequence is a present state, which is the mixed conditional.
• B) If they didn't miss the bus, they would not be walking home in the dark.'Didn't miss' is a first conditional condition and does not match the past perfect needed here.
• C) If they hadn't missed the bus, they would not walking home in the dark.'Would not walking' is missing the auxiliary 'be' that a continuous form requires.
• D) If they had been miss the bus, they would not be walking home in the dark.'Had been miss' uses a participle after 'been' where the third conditional needs the past simple 'missed'.

Respuesta correcta: B) If I were you, I would apologise and explain the mistake honestly.

• A) If I was you, I would apologise and explain the mistake honestly.'Was' is the past simple, but this fixed expression always uses the subjunctive 'were'.
• B) If I were you, I would apologise and explain the mistake honestly.Correct! 'Were' belongs to the formula 'if I were you' and 'would apologise' completes the second conditional.
• C) If I were you, I would to apologise and explain the mistake honestly.'Would to apologise' adds an infinitive marker that never follows a modal verb.
• D) If I were you, I would apologised and explain the mistake honestly.'Would apologised' adds a past form after the modal, which never happens in English.

Respuesta correcta: D) If the shop were open on Sunday, we would buy the tickets there.

• A) If the shop will be open on Sunday, we would buy the tickets there.'Will be' is a future form and belongs with 'will' in the main clause, not with 'would' in an if clause.
• B) If the shop are open on Sunday, we would buy the tickets there.'Are' is the plural present form and does not agree with the singular subject 'the shop'.
• C) If the shop be open on Sunday, we would buy the tickets there.'Be' is the bare infinitive and needs a past form before it in a second conditional if clause.
• D) If the shop were open on Sunday, we would buy the tickets there.Correct! 'Were' is the past subjunctive used with the singular subject 'the shop' in a second conditional if clause.

Respuesta correcta: C) If she had asked for more experience, she might have got the job.

• A) If she had asked for more experience, she might got the job.'Might got' lacks the 'have' that the modal perfect requires after 'might'.
• B) If she has asked for more experience, she might have got the job.'Has asked' is a present perfect and cannot appear in the if clause of a third conditional.
• C) If she had asked for more experience, she might have got the job.Correct! 'Had asked' is the third conditional condition and 'might have got' is its consequence, also in the past.
• D) If she had been asked for more experience, she might have got the job.'Had been asked' is the passive, which would mean somebody else asked her rather than her asking herself.