Repaso P1 — Ingles Grado 11, Honduras

Bloom: Apply

Choose the form that matches a daily routine with a third person subject.

My father ___ coffee before he goes to work.

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Respuesta correcta: A) drinks

A) drinksCorrect! A daily routine with a third person singular subject takes the present simple with -s.
B) is drinkingThe present continuous describes an action happening now, not a repeated morning habit.
C) drinkThe base form lacks the -s that the third person singular requires.
D) has drunkThe present perfect would link the drinking to the present moment, which a routine does not need.

💡 Explicación

The present simple covers habits and routines. The subject is third person singular, so the verb form must agree: drink becomes drinks.

Bloom: Apply

Complete the past simple of a regular verb.

Last week the students ___ a short report about the local river.

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Respuesta correcta: B) wrote

A) writedEnglish does not add -ed to irregular verbs, and writed is not a form of write.
B) wroteCorrect! Write is irregular, and its past simple is wrote.
C) writtenWritten is the past participle, used after have or was, not the simple past on its own.
D) has wroteA past simple cannot be built on the auxiliary has, and wrote is already a past form.

💡 Explicación

Regular verbs take -ed in the past simple, but write is irregular. Its three forms are write, wrote, written, and only wrote serves as the simple past.

Bloom: Apply

The action started in the past and is still not finished.

They ___ on the project since March and there is still a lot to do.

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Respuesta correcta: C) have been working

A) are workingA present continuous would lose the link with the starting time given by since March.
B) workThe bare present simple would treat the work as a general habit rather than a continuous effort since a date.
C) have been workingCorrect! Since March with an activity still running takes the present perfect continuous.
D) had been workingThe past perfect continuous would need a past reference point, and since March is still part of the present period.

💡 Explicación

Since plus a month names the start of an open period. An activity that has not stopped within that period takes the present perfect continuous.

Bloom: Apply

One action was under way when another interrupted it.

While the children ___ their homework, the lights went out.

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Respuesta correcta: D) were doing

A) didThe past simple would make both actions short and separate, losing the sense of interruption.
B) are doingA present continuous would place the homework in the present, which the scene in the past denies.
C) had doneThe past perfect would place the homework completely before the blackout, removing the overlap.
D) were doingCorrect! The longer action already in progress takes the past continuous.

💡 Explicación

While introduces the background action and when usually introduces the interruption. The background is past continuous, the interruption is past simple.

Bloom: Apply

The earlier event is complete before a past reference point.

By the time the ambulance arrived, the driver ___ already called for help.

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Respuesta correcta: A) had

A) hadCorrect! The call happened before the ambulance arrived, so had plus participle is required.
B) hasThe present perfect would connect the call to now, but the reference point is the arrival, which is in the past.
C) wasA past continuous would suggest the call was still in progress, and already signals a completed action.
D) willA future form is impossible in a sequence of events the sentence presents as finished.

💡 Explicación

By the time is a past boundary, and already confirms the action finished before it. Together they point firmly at the past perfect.

Bloom: Apply

A prediction made at the moment of speaking.

I am soaked. I ___ need a towel.

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Respuesta correcta: B) will

A) am going toBe going to points to an intention or to evidence from before this moment, and this is an instant assessment.
B) willCorrect! A prediction or statement made now is expressed with will.
C) haveA present perfect would report a completed need, but the sentence is about a demand for the coming minutes.
D) wasA past continuous belongs to a past scene, and there is no past reference in the situation.

💡 Explicación

Will carries decisions, promises, refusals and predictions made at the moment of speaking. The soaked clothes are the immediate evidence behind the statement.

Bloom: Apply

Complete the question with the correct auxiliary.

___ you ever ___ to the archaeological site?

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Respuesta correcta: C) Have ... been

A) Did ... beDid with ever is not used, and the base form be cannot follow an auxiliary that already carries the tense.
B) Have ... beingBeing is the -ing form and belongs to continuous tenses, not to the present perfect.
C) Have ... beenCorrect! Ever in an experience question takes the present perfect, and been is the participle of be.
D) Are ... beingA present continuous would ask about the moment of speaking, not about life experience.

💡 Explicación

Experience questions use the present perfect, and the form of be in that structure is have been. The negative form is have never been.

Bloom: Apply

Choose the form required after 'by' plus a past year.

By 2018 the city ___ a completely new bus network.

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Respuesta correcta: D) had introduced

A) has introducedThe present perfect would mean the network was introduced at any time up to now, ignoring the 2018 deadline.
B) introduceA bare base form after by would carry no tense marking at all.
C) will have introducedThe future perfect looks forward from a future point, and 2018 is already in the past.
D) had introducedCorrect! The network was in place before the deadline year, so the past perfect is correct.

💡 Explicación

By plus a past year looks back from that year. Anything completed before that point belongs to the past perfect, and anything later is irrelevant to the sentence.

Bloom: Apply

A stative verb that has no continuous form.

These shoes ___ no size eleven.

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Respuesta correcta: A) have

A) haveCorrect! Have used as possession or absence does not take the continuous in this meaning.
B) are havingStative verbs such as have, know and believe do not normally form a continuous here.
C) hasHas is the third person singular form, and the subject these shoes is plural.
D) hadThe past simple would place the absence of size eleven in the past, and nothing in the sentence requires that.

💡 Explicación

Stative verbs describe a state rather than an action. Used for possession they take the simple form, and the plural subject here is followed by have.

Bloom: Apply

A plan and an intention that already existed.

After the exam we ___ to visit the museum, and we already bought the tickets.

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Respuesta correcta: B) are going

A) willWill would suggest the decision is being taken now, but the purchase shows it was taken earlier.
B) are goingCorrect! Tickets already bought prove the plan existed before this moment, so be going to is right.
C) have goneThe present perfect would report a completed visit, and the tickets show the visit is still ahead.
D) were goingA past continuous would place the intention in a past scene, but the exam is still ahead.

💡 Explicación

Evidence that a decision predates the moment of speaking selects be going to over will. Buying the tickets is that evidence.

Bloom: Apply

The signal 'just' places the action in the present period.

I ___ the door. It was open when I passed.

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Respuesta correcta: C) have just closed

A) just closedA past simple with just is not used; just belongs to the present perfect in this function.
B) am closingA present continuous would suggest the action is still under way, but the state of the door shows it finished.
C) have just closedCorrect! Just is a present perfect marker and the door state shows the action has just happened.
D) had closedThe past perfect would need a past reference point later than the closing, and there is none.

💡 Explicación

Just, already, yet and never are present perfect markers. Together with the present result they make the present perfect the only coherent reading.

Bloom: Apply

A real condition with a probable future result.

If it rains tomorrow, the match ___.

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Respuesta correcta: D) will be cancelled

A) would be cancelled'Would' belongs to the second conditional, which describes an unreal or doubtful situation.
B) is cancelledA present simple after if could be a zero conditional about a rule, not a prediction about tomorrow.
C) has been cancelledThe present perfect would place the cancellation in a completed period before now.
D) will be cancelledCorrect! The first conditional pairs a present condition with a likely future result.

💡 Explicación

The first conditional is the open and likely case: if plus present, will plus base verb. Tomorrow makes the condition a real future possibility.

Bloom: Apply

A general truth expressed in a conditional clause.

If you heat ice, it ___.

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Respuesta correcta: A) melts

A) meltsCorrect! A zero conditional states a general truth with present simple in both clauses.
B) will meltThe future simple in both clauses would turn a general truth into a single future prediction.
C) would melt'Would' describes an unreal condition, and heating ice certainly is not unreal.
D) has meltedThe present perfect would place the melting in a completed period, which a general truth does not have.

💡 Explicación

The zero conditional expresses facts that are always true. Both clauses take the present simple, and no future or past tense appears anywhere in the structure.

Bloom: Apply

The action began in the past and continued up to a past deadline.

They ___ for six hours before the storm reached the coast.

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Respuesta correcta: B) had been driving

A) have been drivingThe present perfect continuous would measure the driving up to now, but the storm is in the past.
B) had been drivingCorrect! A duration that ended at a past reference point takes the past perfect continuous.
C) were drivingA past continuous would describe the drive as ongoing without fixing its duration as completed.
D) will have been drivingThe future perfect would measure forward from a future point, and the storm has already passed.

💡 Explicación

The past perfect continuous measures a closed duration. Before the storm reached the coast supplies the past moment at which the six hours came to an end.

Bloom: Apply

A negative statement covering all time up to now.

He ___ never ___ sushi, but he loves fried food.

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Respuesta correcta: C) has ... eaten

A) did ... eatDid refers to a definite past occasion, and the sentence deliberately gives no time.
B) have ... ateAfter have the verb must be a participle, and ate is the past simple form.
C) has ... eatenCorrect! Never with no past time point covers the whole life up to now, so the present perfect negative fits.
D) was ... eatingA past continuous would place the eating in a past scene, which the life-long scope excludes.

💡 Explicación

Never plus no time expression is a strong present perfect pattern. The participle form of eat is eaten, and it follows has without any further marking.

Bloom: Analyze

The reference point decides between two perfect tenses.

By June last year the builders ___ the whole first floor ___; today they are working on the second.

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Respuesta correcta: D) had finished ... but

A) have finished ... soThe present perfect would place the finishing in the present period, ignoring the closed June deadline, and so gives a result rather than a contrast.
B) had finished ... becauseBecause gives a reason, but today's work is a contrast to the completed floor, not the cause of it.
C) will have finished ... butThe future perfect would project from a future point, and June last year is already closed.
D) had finished ... butCorrect! The first floor was complete by the past deadline, and but contrasts that with the work going on now.

💡 Explicación

Two reference points appear in the sentence: the past deadline in the first clause and the present moment in the second. Each clause takes the tense that matches its own reference point.

Bloom: Apply

The negative form of a modal in a past situation.

He ___ not come to the party last week; he was ill.

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Respuesta correcta: A) could

A) couldCorrect! Could not expresses the past inability that explains his absence.
B) mustMust not expresses a prohibition or a deduction, not an inability to attend.
C) wouldWould not is used for refusals and for unreal past situations, not for a simple past inability.
D) shouldShould not expresses advice or an expectation that was not followed, which is a different claim.

💡 Explicación

Modal ability and permission have a past form: could and might. The reason given for the absence is illness, which is exactly what could not reports.

Bloom: Apply

Two overlapping past actions, one much longer than the other.

While the guide ___ about the castle, a visitor asked a question.

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Respuesta correcta: B) was talking

A) talkedThe past simple would reduce the speech to one finished act with no overlap.
B) was talkingCorrect! The background speech is the past continuous and the question is the interruption.
C) is talkingA present continuous would place the speech now, and the visit to the castle is already over.
D) has talkedThe present perfect would connect the speech to now, which the past setting denies.

💡 Explicación

When two past actions overlap, the longer one takes the past continuous and the shorter one the past simple. While normally introduces the longer action.

Bloom: Apply

A completed action with no reference to the present.

The government ___ a new law in March and it came into force in June.

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Respuesta correcta: C) passed

A) has passedThe present perfect cannot stand with in March, because that time closes the action off from the present.
B) passesThe present simple would place the passing now, which the month denies.
C) passedCorrect! A finished past time such as in March requires the past simple.
D) had passedThe past perfect would need a past point later than March, and the law came into force rather than being needed earlier.

💡 Explicación

A precise past date is a finished time and takes the past simple. The present perfect is reserved for actions whose present relevance is being reported.

Bloom: Apply

The correct form of a frequently used irregular verb.

She ___ down the stairs and fell.

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Respuesta correcta: D) ran

A) runnedThe -ed ending is for regular verbs, and runned is not a form of run.
B) runThe base form cannot serve as the past simple after a subject and before another past verb.
C) has ranThe past participle of run is run, and the auxiliary has requires the participle form.
D) ranCorrect! Run is irregular and its past simple is ran.

💡 Explicación

Irregular verbs must be learned in all three forms. Run, ran, run is one of the irregular patterns where the participle looks like the base form.

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