Final Review

Respuesta correcta: A) have lived

• A) have livedCorrect! 'Have lived' is the present perfect and it is the tense required with 'since' plus a year.
• B) has lived'Has lived' does not agree with the plural subject 'they'.
• C) lived'Lived' alone is the past simple, which has no link to the present.
• D) are living since'Are living' is the present continuous and does not combine with 'since' plus a year.

Respuesta correcta: B) must

• A) might'Might' expresses a small possibility and creates no obligation.
• B) mustCorrect! 'Must' states an obligation imposed by a rule or a law.
• C) could'Could' would describe an ability or a past permission.
• D) would'Would' would express a past habit or a polite offer.

Respuesta correcta: C) had left

• A) has left'Has left' is the present perfect, which places the leaving in a period connected to the present.
• B) would leave'Would leave' places a modal inside the if-clause, which no conditional does.
• C) had leftCorrect! The third conditional uses the past perfect in the if-clause because both events are unreal in the past.
• D) leaves'Leaves' is the present simple, which belongs to the first conditional.

Respuesta correcta: D) They had the roof repaired before the rains.

• A) They had the roof to repair before the rains.A causal 'to' cannot be inserted between the object and the participle.
• B) They had the roof repairing before the rains.'Repairing' is a gerund and does not complete the causative structure.
• C) They had repaired the roof to before the rains.The infinitive after the participle is not part of the causative form.
• D) They had the roof repaired before the rains.Correct! 'Have' plus an object plus a past participle is the causative: the roof was repaired by someone else.

Respuesta correcta: A) My sister, who lives abroad, is visiting next week.

• A) My sister, who lives abroad, is visiting next week.Correct! The non-defining clause is separated by commas and uses 'who' with its own subject and verb.
• B) My sister, who is living abroad is visiting next week.The second sentence is missing the closing comma that the non-defining clause requires.
• C) My sister who lives abroad, is visiting next week.The third sentence opens the clause without a comma, which makes it defining.
• D) My sister, whom lives abroad, is visiting next week.'Whom' cannot be the subject of its own clause after a preposition in this position.

Respuesta correcta: B) did the students stop

• A) the students did stopThe first option keeps the subject before the auxiliary, so no inversion takes place.
• B) did the students stopCorrect! The fronted negative phrase 'not until' triggers the auxiliary 'did' before the subject.
• C) the students stoppedThe third option is a plain declarative clause and gives no inversion.
• D) stopped the studentsThe fourth option inverts the main verb and the subject and omits the auxiliary.

Respuesta correcta: C) The number of participants was limited.

• A) The report was published recently.The date of publication is not a weakness of the research.
• B) The report uses technical terms.Technical vocabulary is a feature of the subject, not a limitation of the study.
• C) The number of participants was limited.Correct! A small sample restricts how far the results can be generalised, which is what the phrase points to.
• D) The topic had been studied before.Previous research on a topic is normal and does not weaken a new study.

Respuesta correcta: D) What our school could do to reduce paper waste

• A) A short history of the printing pressThe first subject is a historical fact with no room for a personal position.
• B) The life of an industrial engineerThe second subject is a biography, which belongs to a different genre.
• C) A comparison of two mountain rangesThe third subject is a geographical comparison, not a personal response.
• D) What our school could do to reduce paper wasteCorrect! The subject is local, current and invites the opinion of the writer, which is what a personal response needs.

Respuesta correcta: A) make

• A) makeCorrect! 'Make a phone call' is the standard collocation in English.
• B) do'Do a phone call' is not a standard combination.
• C) take'Take a phone call' is used in a different sense, meaning to receive a call that is ringing.
• D) pay'Pay a phone call' confuses a payment with a communication.

Respuesta correcta: B) seeing

• A) see'See' is a base form and cannot follow the preposition 'to'.
• B) seeingCorrect! The preposition 'to' here is followed by a gerund, which is a frequent trap in this fixed expression.
• C) seen'Seen' is the past participle and cannot follow a preposition in this structure.
• D) to see'To see' places two prepositions together, which is not possible.

Respuesta correcta: C) The samples were analysed and the results were recorded in a table.

• A) The samples analysed and the results recorded in a table.The first sentence is missing the auxiliaries that the passive requires.
• B) The samples was analysed and the results was recorded in a table.The second sentence does not agree in number with the plural subjects.
• C) The samples were analysed and the results were recorded in a table.Correct! The passive with 'were' and the past participles are the correct forms for a completed procedure.
• D) The samples are analysed and the results are recorded in a table yesterday.The fourth sentence mixes the present passive with a past time expression.

Respuesta correcta: D) To focus the phrase 'in the school garden'.

• A) To ask a question about the place.The structure is declarative and asks no question.
• B) To show that the action is impossible.Nothing in the sentence suggests impossibility.
• C) To express a doubt about the tree.The structure expresses emphasis, not doubt.
• D) To focus the phrase 'in the school garden'.Correct! The cleft sentence moves one element to the front so that the reader attends to it.

Respuesta correcta: A) The school insists that every student bring identification.

• A) The school insists that every student bring identification.Correct! After a verb of insistence, the that clause takes the base form 'bring', which is the subjunctive.
• B) The school insists that every student brings identification.'Brings' is the indicative, which does not follow a verb of insistence.
• C) The school insists that every student is bringing identification.'Is bringing' is the present continuous and has no place in this clause.
• D) The school insists that every student brought identification.'Brought' is the past simple, and the requirement is about the present.

Respuesta correcta: B) It states the purpose clearly and uses a respectful register.

• A) It uses short sentences and slang to sound friendly.Slang and short sentences belong to a message between friends.
• B) It states the purpose clearly and uses a respectful register.Correct! Formal correspondence needs a clear purpose, a conventional layout and a respectful register.
• C) It begins with a joke about the weather.An opening joke is out of place in a formal request.
• D) It avoids any greeting so that it looks serious.Omitting the greeting removes a convention that a formal message is expected to follow.

Respuesta correcta: C) I wish I had studied harder last year.

• A) I wish I would study harder last year.'Would study' is the pattern of a wish about the future, not about a past situation.
• B) I wish I studied harder last year.'I wish I studied' states a fact and expresses no regret.
• C) I wish I had studied harder last year.Correct! A wish about a past situation takes the past perfect after 'wish'.
• D) I wish to studied harder last year.'Wish to studied' mixes an infinitive with a past form.

Respuesta correcta: D) How much the tanks cost to build.

• A) Where the water is stored.The first sentence answers the question about where the water is stored.
• B) How the families receive their share.The second sentence explains that the families receive a fixed share.
• C) What happens during the dry months.The third sentence names the dry months as the period concerned.
• D) How much the tanks cost to build.Correct! The passage says nothing about the price of the tanks, so this question remains unanswered.

Respuesta correcta: A) doesn't it

• A) doesn't itCorrect! The tag repeats the auxiliary 'does' in the negative with the subject 'it'.
• B) isn't it'Isn't it' would be the tag of a statement about something else, not of a third person verb with 'does'.
• C) won't it'Won't it' uses a future auxiliary, which the statement does not contain.
• D) doesn't he'Doesn't he' uses the wrong pronoun, since the subject of the statement is a thing.

Respuesta correcta: B) important

• A) small'Small' is the opposite of the intended meaning.
• B) importantCorrect! In a scientific context 'significant' means important or large enough to matter, which 'important' expresses.
• C) doubtful'Doubtful' suggests uncertainty, which 'significant' does not.
• D) recent'Recent' concerns time, which is a different dimension from importance.

Respuesta correcta: C) The writer claims that longer school days help students, and the argument rests on two studies.

• A) The writer talks about school days for a while.The first sentence reports the topic without a position.
• B) School days are long and there are studies.The third and fourth sentences are bare facts that do not represent an argument.
• C) The writer claims that longer school days help students, and the argument rests on two studies.Correct! The sentence states the position, the attitude of the writer and the support used.
• D) Studies about schools have been published.A summary of an argument must include the claim and its basis, not only the topic.

Respuesta correcta: D) was

• A) were'Were' would agree with the farther subject, which is not how the correlative works.
• B) have been'Have been' is a perfect form and does not match the simple past sense of the sentence.
• C) are being'Are being' is the present continuous and does not match the context of a finished state.
• D) wasCorrect! With 'neither ... nor', the verb agrees with the subject nearest to it, which is 'the teacher'.