A tutor in Valencia is checking that her students remember the basic relative pronouns.
Complete: A vet is a person ___ treats sick animals.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)who
💡 Explicación
In defining clauses about people, who works as the subject pronoun, while which only refers to things, where points to places and whose shows possession.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)who
A)whoCorrect. The gap needs a pronoun for a person, and who is the subject pronoun for people.
B)whichIncorrect. Which refers to things, but a vet is a person, so which cannot be the subject here.
C)whereIncorrect. Where replaces a place, yet the clause describes a person who treats animals.
D)whoseIncorrect. Whose signals possession, but nothing in this clause belongs to the vet.
💡 Explicación
In defining clauses about people, who works as the subject pronoun, while which only refers to things, where points to places and whose shows possession.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta 2 · D4Bloom: Remember
A teacher in Madrid asks the class for the pronoun that fits a kitchen machine.
Complete: A microwave is a machine ___ heats food very quickly.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)which
💡 Explicación
Things take which or that in defining clauses, while who stays for people, where for places and whose for possessive meanings.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)which
A)whoIncorrect. Who is reserved for people, and a microwave is an object, not a person.
B)whichCorrect. A machine is a thing, and which is the pronoun for things in defining clauses.
C)whereIncorrect. Where introduces place clauses, but this clause describes what the machine does.
D)whoseIncorrect. Whose marks possession, and a machine owning something is not the meaning here.
💡 Explicación
Things take which or that in defining clauses, while who stays for people, where for places and whose for possessive meanings.
Pregunta 3
Pregunta 3 · D4Bloom: Understand
During a lesson in Granada, students compare pronouns that name places and things.
Complete: A market is a place ___ local farmers sell their fruit.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)where
💡 Explicación
Where works as a clause adverb for places, replacing expressions like in the place or at the market.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)where
A)whichIncorrect. Which alone cannot replace in the place; the sentence would need in which.
B)whoIncorrect. Who refers to people, but a market is a location, not a person.
C)whereCorrect. The gap replaces the phrase in the place, so where is the right clause word.
D)whoseIncorrect. Whose expresses belonging, yet the clause only says what happens in that place.
💡 Explicación
Where works as a clause adverb for places, replacing expressions like in the place or at the market.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta 4 · D4Bloom: Understand
A student in Santander writes about favourite films in a short English essay.
Complete: It is the best film ___ I have ever seen.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)that
💡 Explicación
After superlatives such as the best, that is the preferred defining pronoun for things, and it also sounds natural after first and last.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)that
A)whoIncorrect. Who refers to people, but the clause describes a film, which is a thing.
B)whereIncorrect. Where needs a place, yet the sentence talks about a film the student saw.
C)whoseIncorrect. Whose shows possession, and the film does not own anything in this clause.
D)thatCorrect. After a superlative like the best, that is the natural pronoun in a defining clause.
💡 Explicación
After superlatives such as the best, that is the preferred defining pronoun for things, and it also sounds natural after first and last.
Pregunta 5
Pregunta 5 · D6Bloom: Apply
Ana is texting a friend in Malaga about the new phone she bought yesterday.
Complete: The phone ___ I bought yesterday has already stopped working.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)which
💡 Explicación
Which introduces defining clauses about objects and can work as the object of the verb inside the clause.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)which
A)whichCorrect. The pronoun stands for a thing and works as the object of bought, so which fits.
B)whoIncorrect. Who points to people, but the relative clause describes a phone, an object.
C)whereIncorrect. Where signals a place, yet nothing about a location appears in this clause.
D)whoseIncorrect. Whose marks possession, and the sentence does not say the phone owns anything.
💡 Explicación
Which introduces defining clauses about objects and can work as the object of the verb inside the clause.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta 6 · D6Bloom: Apply
A class in Zaragoza is deciding which sentence describes a neighbour correctly.
Choose the sentence that is grammatically correct.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)The man who lives next door is a pilot.
💡 Explicación
For people as the subject of a defining clause, only who can introduce the clause, and it must be followed directly by a verb.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)The man who lives next door is a pilot.
A)The man which lives next door is a pilot.Incorrect. Which never refers to people in modern English, so it cannot describe the man.
B)The man who lives next door is a pilot.Correct. The man is a person and who works as the subject of the clause lives next door.
C)The man where lives next door is a pilot.Incorrect. Where replaces a place, but this clause needs a person as its subject.
D)The man whose lives next door is a pilot.Incorrect. Whose must be followed by a noun it possesses, not by a verb like lives.
💡 Explicación
For people as the subject of a defining clause, only who can introduce the clause, and it must be followed directly by a verb.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta 7 · D6Bloom: Apply
Hugo is joining two short sentences for a writing exercise in his notebook.
Join: I met a girl. She speaks five languages.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)I met a girl who speaks five languages.
💡 Explicación
When the second sentence has she or he as its subject, the join requires who, because the pronoun refers to a person.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)I met a girl who speaks five languages.
A)I met a girl which speaks five languages.Incorrect. Which cannot stand for a person, so it cannot replace she in the joined clause.
B)I met a girl where speaks five languages.Incorrect. Where needs a place, but the second sentence gives information about a person.
C)I met a girl who speaks five languages.Correct. Who links the girl to the clause she speaks five languages and acts as its subject.
D)I met a girl whose speaks five languages.Incorrect. Whose must attach to a following noun, such as whose brother, not to a verb.
💡 Explicación
When the second sentence has she or he as its subject, the join requires who, because the pronoun refers to a person.
Pregunta 8
Pregunta 8 · D6Bloom: Apply
Marta and her cousin review restaurant descriptions before a trip to San Sebastian.
Choose the sentence that is grammatically correct.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)The restaurant where we had dinner was full.
💡 Explicación
After nouns of place like restaurant, the defining clause needs where, because which alone misses the preposition in.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)The restaurant where we had dinner was full.
A)The restaurant which we had dinner was full.Incorrect. Which cannot replace in the restaurant alone; the correct form would be in which.
B)The restaurant who we had dinner was full.Incorrect. Who refers to people, but a restaurant is a building, not a person.
C)The restaurant whose we had dinner was full.Incorrect. Whose signals possession, yet the clause only tells where the dinner happened.
D)The restaurant where we had dinner was full.Correct. The clause describes a place, and where replaces the phrase in that restaurant.
💡 Explicación
After nouns of place like restaurant, the defining clause needs where, because which alone misses the preposition in.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta 9 · D6Bloom: Apply
A head teacher in Alicante is explaining school rules to the new intake.
Complete: Students ___ hand in homework late lose marks.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)who
💡 Explicación
Who identifies which people we mean, which is exactly the job of a defining clause after a noun like students.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)who
A)whoCorrect. Students are people, and who introduces the clause that identifies them.
B)whichIncorrect. Which stands for things, and students are persons, so which is impossible here.
C)whereIncorrect. Where points to places, but the clause describes what the students do.
D)whenIncorrect. When introduces time clauses, yet the gap needs the subject of hand in.
💡 Explicación
Who identifies which people we mean, which is exactly the job of a defining clause after a noun like students.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta 10 · D6Bloom: Apply
Pablo shows photos of his family history project to his classmates in Toledo.
Complete: This is the town ___ my parents first met.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)where
💡 Explicación
Where replaces place phrases like in the town, so it is the natural choice after nouns such as town, city or village.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)where
A)whichIncorrect. Which needs a preposition here; which alone cannot mean in the town.
B)whereCorrect. The meeting happened in the town, so where replaces the phrase in that town.
C)whoIncorrect. Who is for people, but a town is a place where the meeting happened.
D)whoseIncorrect. Whose expresses possession, and the town does not possess anything here.
💡 Explicación
Where replaces place phrases like in the town, so it is the natural choice after nouns such as town, city or village.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta 11 · D8Bloom: Analyze
A student in Leon breaks down a sentence from the reading text during class.
In the sentence The coach who trained us has retired, who does the word who refer to?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)the coach
💡 Explicación
A relative pronoun always points back to the noun just before it, so who here refers to the coach, not to anybody inside the clause.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)the coach
A)the team membersIncorrect. The team members appear nowhere in the sentence, and who refers to the coach.
B)the training sessionsIncorrect. Training is only the activity mentioned; the pronoun refers to the coach.
C)the coachCorrect. Who points back to the coach and introduces the detail that he trained us.
D)the new coachIncorrect. There is no new coach in the sentence; the pronoun points at the one retiring.
💡 Explicación
A relative pronoun always points back to the noun just before it, so who here refers to the coach, not to anybody inside the clause.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta 12 · D8Bloom: Analyze
A teacher in Gijon builds a sentence about a bench in a photo from the textbook.
Complete: The bench ___ we sat was painted blue last week.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)on which
💡 Explicación
A defining clause after a preposition must use which or whom, because English never allows that directly after a preposition.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)on which
A)on thatIncorrect. That cannot come directly after a preposition, so on that is ungrammatical.
B)on whoIncorrect. Who refers to people, but a bench is an object, not a person we sat with.
C)on whereIncorrect. Where cannot carry a preposition, because where already contains the place meaning.
D)on whichCorrect. After a preposition only which or whom can follow, so on which is the right formal choice.
💡 Explicación
A defining clause after a preposition must use which or whom, because English never allows that directly after a preposition.
Pregunta 13
Pregunta 13 · D8Bloom: Analyze
An editor in Cordoba proofreads sentences written by exchange students.
Which sentence contains an error?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)The city which I was born is far away.
💡 Explicación
Finding the faulty sentence means checking each pronoun against its noun; which cannot replace in the city without a preposition.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)The city which I was born is far away.
A)The city which I was born is far away.Correct. This sentence is faulty: which alone cannot replace in the city, so where or in which is needed.
B)The keys that I lost were brand new.Incorrect. This sentence is right, because that works as the object of lost.
C)The doctor who saw me was very kind.Incorrect. This sentence is right, because who rightly refers to the doctor.
D)The shop that opened in May sells plants.Incorrect. This sentence is right, because that refers to the shop correctly.
💡 Explicación
Finding the faulty sentence means checking each pronoun against its noun; which cannot replace in the city without a preposition.
Pregunta 14
Pregunta 14 · D8Bloom: Analyze
A student in Badajoz explains her choice of pronoun during a speaking exam.
In the sentence The office where I work is closed today, why is where the right choice?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)Because it points to the place where the working happens.
💡 Explicación
Where does two jobs at once: it joins the clauses and tells the listener that the missing idea is a place.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)Because it points to the place where the working happens.
A)Because it points to the person who owns the office.Incorrect. The clause says nothing about ownership, and a person would need the pronoun who.
B)Because it points to the place where the working happens.Correct. Where stands for the place of the action, replacing the phrase in the office.
C)Because it points to the time when the office opens.Incorrect. The opening time is not mentioned, and a time clause would need when instead.
D)Because it points to the thing that the office sells.Incorrect. The office does not sell anything here, and a thing would take which or that.
💡 Explicación
Where does two jobs at once: it joins the clauses and tells the listener that the missing idea is a place.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta 15 · D8Bloom: Analyze
Lucia is combining two sentences about her grandmother for a history assignment.
Join: This is the house. My grandmother was born there.
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)This is the house where my grandmother was born.
💡 Explicación
When the second sentence contains there, the joining word is where, because there already means in that place.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)This is the house where my grandmother was born.
A)This is the house which my grandmother was born.Incorrect. Which cannot replace there without a preposition, so the join is ungrammatical.
B)This is the house who my grandmother was born.Incorrect. Who refers to people, but the house is a building, not the person born.
C)This is the house where my grandmother was born.Correct. There refers to a place, and where replaces it perfectly in the joined sentence.
D)This is the house whose my grandmother was born.Incorrect. Whose needs a noun after it, such as whose walls, before any verb can follow.
💡 Explicación
When the second sentence contains there, the joining word is where, because there already means in that place.
Pregunta 16
Pregunta 16 · D8Bloom: Analyze
Two classmates in Vigo compare sentences about the same brother with and without commas.
Which sentence uses a defining relative clause, without extra commas?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)My brother who lives in Rome is an engineer.
💡 Explicación
Commas change everything: without them the listener needs the clause to know which brother, which is the defining pattern.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)My brother who lives in Rome is an engineer.
A)My brother, who lives in Rome, is an engineer.Incorrect. The two commas make the clause extra information, which is a non-defining pattern.
B)My brother which lives in Rome is an engineer.Incorrect. Which is wrong for a person anyway, and the clause also lacks the defining shape.
C)My brother whose lives in Rome is an engineer.Incorrect. Whose must be followed by a noun, and this clause also fails as a defining clause.
D)My brother who lives in Rome is an engineer.Correct. Without commas the clause defines which brother we mean, so it is a defining clause.
💡 Explicación
Commas change everything: without them the listener needs the clause to know which brother, which is the defining pattern.
Pregunta 17
Pregunta 17 · D10Bloom: Evaluate
A teacher in Murcia reads a classmate's sentence aloud and asks the class for a diagnosis.
A classmate wrote: The woman which sells flowers knows my mother. What is the problem?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: A)Which cannot refer to a person, so who is needed.
💡 Explicación
Diagnosing the error means matching the pronoun to its noun: which suits objects while people always take who.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: A)Which cannot refer to a person, so who is needed.
A)Which cannot refer to a person, so who is needed.Correct. Which is only for things; a person like the woman requires the pronoun who.
B)Sells is wrong because the woman is singular.Incorrect. Sells is a correct third person singular form, so the verb is not the problem.
C)The clause must move to the end of the sentence.Incorrect. Defining clauses sit next to the noun they describe and never move to the end.
D)The sentence needs a comma before the clause.Incorrect. Defining clauses take no commas, so a comma would create a different structure.
💡 Explicación
Diagnosing the error means matching the pronoun to its noun: which suits objects while people always take who.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta 18 · D10Bloom: Evaluate
An exam question in Cadiz tests which relative pronouns can be dropped in defining clauses.
In which sentence can the relative pronoun be left out?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: B)The film that we watched was too long.
💡 Explicación
Only object pronouns disappear; when the pronoun is followed by a verb alone, it is the subject and must remain.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: B)The film that we watched was too long.
A)The man that lives here is my uncle.Incorrect. That acts as the subject of lives, and subject pronouns can never be dropped.
B)The film that we watched was too long.Correct. That is the object of watched there, and object pronouns may be omitted in defining clauses.
C)The girl that won the race is my cousin.Incorrect. The clause needs that as its subject for won, so removing it breaks the sentence.
D)The bus that goes downtown stops nearby.Incorrect. That is the subject of goes here, so the pronoun must stay in the sentence.
💡 Explicación
Only object pronouns disappear; when the pronoun is followed by a verb alone, it is the subject and must remain.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta 19 · D10Bloom: Evaluate
A student in Oviedo checks four sentences from a grammar workbook exercise.
Which sentence is NOT correct?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: C)The cafe that opens early it is always crowded.
💡 Explicación
One subject is enough: after a relative pronoun you cannot add a second subject like it without breaking the clause.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: C)The cafe that opens early it is always crowded.
A)The cafe that opens early is always crowded.Incorrect. This sentence is fine, because that works as the subject of opens early.
B)The cafe which opens early is always crowded.Incorrect. This sentence is also correct, because which may replace that in defining clauses.
C)The cafe that opens early it is always crowded.Correct. The pronoun is already the subject, so the extra word it makes the sentence wrong.
D)The cafe which we like opens early.Incorrect. This one is correct too, because that is the object of like and the sentence stands.
💡 Explicación
One subject is enough: after a relative pronoun you cannot add a second subject like it without breaking the clause.
Pregunta 20
Pregunta 20 · D10Bloom: Evaluate
A dictionary project in Pamplona asks students to evaluate entries written by their peers.
Which entry defines its word correctly with a relative clause?
Elige una opción para comprobar tu respuesta.
Respuesta correcta: D)A barista is a person who makes coffee in a cafe.
💡 Explicación
A good definition places the relative clause right after the noun and chooses the pronoun that matches person, thing or place.
Ver respuesta
Respuesta correcta: D)A barista is a person who makes coffee in a cafe.
A)A barista is a person which makes coffee in a cafe.Incorrect. Which never describes people in modern English, so the definition fails.
B)A barista is a person where makes coffee in a cafe.Incorrect. Where points to places, but the clause must describe a person and an action.
C)A barista is a person whose makes coffee in a cafe.Incorrect. Whose cannot introduce a clause by itself; it must be followed by a noun.
D)A barista is a person who makes coffee in a cafe.Correct. The clause identifies the person by their job, and who is the right subject pronoun.
💡 Explicación
A good definition places the relative clause right after the noun and chooses the pronoun that matches person, thing or place.
¿Listo para practicar?
Resuelve un simulacro de Inglés para Grado 11 con temporizador y seguimiento de tu progreso.